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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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aftershock
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A ground ground tremor caused by the repositioning of rocks after an earthquake. They may occur for as long as two years after initial earthquake.
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Benioff-Wadati zone
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A region where the subduction of oceanic plated causes eathquakes, the foci of which are deeper the farther inland they are.
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body waves
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A type of seismic wave the transmits enerfy from an earthquakes focus through the Earth's interior in all directions.
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dilatency
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The expansion of a rock's volume caused by stress and deformation.
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epicenter
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The point on the Earth's surface that is located directly above the focus of an earthquake.
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focus
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The precise point within the Earth's crust or mantle where rocks begin to rupture or move in an earthquake.
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foreshocks
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A minor, barely detectable earthquake, generally preceding a full-scale earthquake with approximately the same focus.
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liquefaction
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The conversion of moderatly cohesive, unconsolidated sediment into a fluid, water-saturated mass.
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Mercalli intensity scale
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A scale designed to measure the the degree of intensity of earthquakes, based on human perceptions.
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moment-magnitude scale
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A recently developed alternative to the Richter scale used to measure more accurately the amount of energy released by large earthquakes. This scale involves measurement of an earthquake's seismic moment.
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P waves (primary wave)
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A body wave that causes the compression of rocks when its energy acts upon them. When the P wave moves past a rock, the rock expands beyond its original volume, only to be compressed again by the next P wave. The fastest of all seismic waves.
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Richter scale
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A logarithmic scale that measures the amount of energy released during an earthquake on the basis of the amplitude of the highest peak recorded on a seismogram.
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S waves
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A body wave that causes the rocks along which it passes to move up and down perpendicular to the direction of its own movement.
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