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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Minerals |
Naturally occurring organic material found in the Earth. |
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Ores |
A useful mineral found deep deep deep deep deep deep underground |
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Fossil fuels |
ancient organism parts that have been pressed down on to create fuel for electricity |
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Physical properties |
Properties that can determine the mineral without changing the substance |
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Chemicals properties |
Properties that change the substance |
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Rock cycle |
The order of rock transformation from one to another |
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sediments |
broken down rocks; are cemented into sedimentary rocks |
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sedimentary rock |
rocks created by sediments eroding, depositing, and cementing |
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metamorphic rock |
rock created by heat and pressure |
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extrusive igneous rock |
rock formed from the cooling of magma AFTER it has left the volcano |
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intrusive igneous rock |
rock formed from the cooling of magma WHILE IT IS STILL INSIDE the volcano |
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mechanical weathering |
the physical break down of rocks |
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chemical weathering |
the chemical break down of rocks |
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erosion |
the carrying away/transportation of sediments |
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deposition |
the sediments are deposited after being eroded |
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density |
the measure of mass in an object |
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continental crust |
the outermost layer of earth. the lest dense layer. |
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oceanic crust |
the inner layer of the crust; the more denser part. |
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lithosphere |
the very bottom of the crust |
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asthenophere |
the top of the mantle |
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mantle |
the largest layer of earth; it made mostly of molten rock |
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outer core |
the second innermost layer of earth; is made of liquid iron and nickle |
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inner core |
the innermost layer of earth; is made of solid iron and nickle |
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tension |
the force applied at divergent plate boundaries |
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compression |
the force applied at convergent plate boundaries |
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shearing |
the fore applied at transform plate boundaries |
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convection currents |
the rotation of hot and cold magma in the mantle; is the cause of tectonic plates moving |
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theory of plate tectonics |
the belief that the earth has plates that are constantly moving |
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subduction |
when a older, more denser plate converges with a younger, less dense plate; the older one slides under the the younger one; this will cause trenches and volcanic arcs |
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hot spots |
volcanoes that do not appear on a fault line; these occur when the magma from the mantle leak though the crust; volcano island arcs; example is hawaii |
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converging plate boundaries |
when two plates push together at a fault line |
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diverging plate boundaries |
when two plates push away from each other at a fault line |
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transform plate boundaries |
when two plates push beside each other scrapping against one another; California is an example of this |
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mid-ocean ridges |
small mountain ranges that appear at divergent plate boundaries |
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Pangaea |
a super continent that is believed to have been created once long ago; it is supporting evidence of the theory of plate tectonics |
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island arc's |
a small arc of islands; typically from a hot spot |
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faults |
the area between two plates |
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trenches |
large, deep valleys that are found in the ocean at a subduction zone |
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folded mountains |
large mountains that appear at convergent plates |
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pacific ring of fire |
a large ring of volcanoes in the pacific ocean |
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seismic activity |
the time and size of earthquakes |
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landforms |
large natural structures; i.e: mountains, valleys, trenches, volcanoes, etc. |
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sea-floor spreading |
happens at divergent plate boundaries; the oceanic crust gets thinned out |
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San Andrea's Fault |
Major transform fault line in California |
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