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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the side view or cross section of soil exposed by digging called?
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Soil Profile.
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Which horizon has top soil and organic humus, is dark in color, has roots and living and decomposing creatures?
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A - Horizon.
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Which horizon has pore soil, some roots and organics?
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B - Horizon.
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Which horizon consists of broken pieces of bedrock?
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C - Horizon.
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What layer comes after the C - Horizon and consists of solid rock?
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Bedrock.
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What qualifies as Thickness?
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Zero to Sixty meters.
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What is categorized under Quality?
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Depth, organic materials, climate, and rock type.
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What is the process of breaking down rocks at the earths surface called?
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Weathering.
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What physically breaks down rocks faster in a temperate climate?
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Mechanical Weathering.
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What is it called when water fills the cracks in rocks, freezes and breaks them?
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Ice Wedging.
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What grows in the cracks of rocks and breaks them?
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Plant Roots.
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What is it called when a rock reacts with elements and nature to create a new substance?
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Chemical Weathering. It's faster in hot, humid climates.
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What depends on the rock type and location?
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Rate of Weathering.
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The more of this, the faster the weathering. What is it?
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Surface Area.
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What is the characteristic pattern course of the weather that an area has over a long period of time called?
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Climate.
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What horizon is the surface area?
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O - Horizon.
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How much of the earth's water is fresh?
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36% most of it is in the ground.
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*Study the Water Cycle*
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*Study the Water Cycle*
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What is a graph that compares the amount of water and area it gets to how much it looses called?
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Water Budget.
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What is the percentage of a rock's volume that is empty space called?
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Porosity. (How many pores there are in a rock)
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What are rocks that allow water to pass through them called?
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Permeable.
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What is the rate at which water can pass through a rock called?
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Permeability.
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What are rocks that are so fine-grained that water cannot pass through called?
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Impermeable.
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What is the boarder between saturated and unsaturated rock called?
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Water Table.
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What must be dug beneath the water table in order to work?
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Ordinary Well.
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What is in a mountainous area. A place on a hillside where the water table hits ground level?
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Spring.
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What is a rock layer that contains and transports water called?
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Aquifer.
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What forms when an aquifer gets sandwiched between two impermeable rock layers?
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Artesian Wells.
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What are two characteristics of water that erosion uses?
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1. The amount of water. 2. The speed of water.
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What types of streams are in V-shaped valleys?
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Ages.
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What age is steep, fast moving, small, and is found in the hills and mountains?
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Young.
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What age has less slope and moves slower, meandering across a flood plain.
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Mature.
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What age has very little slope, hardly moves, and is found near plains. And what is an example of this?
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Old Age. Oxbow lake - cut off meander.
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What is a river and all it's tributaries called?
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River System.
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What is all the water that drains into the river called?
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Drainage Basin or Watershed.
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What separates a river system?
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Divide.
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