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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are Population II stars?
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original stars, very old made only of H and He
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What is a Population I star?
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second generation stars such as the Sun, made of H, He and a little bit of some heavier elements
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How did the Solar system initially begin?
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From a Giant Molecular Cloud
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What is a GMC?
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Giant molecular cloud of gas that is very thin and spreads out about a billion miles across
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What effect does gravity have on a GMC?
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makes the gas cloud contract and it breaks into many smaller gas clouds
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What do the smaller clouds do?
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Flatten into a rotating disk, the size of the solar system
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What happens in the central region of the gas cloud?
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Collapses into a star
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What happens in the middle region of the gas cloud?
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Dust particles clump together, forming chondrules in meteorites
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What are chondrules?
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Small pellets inside chondrites that are made up of silicon and aluminum
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What happens to the clumps as they bump into each other?
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They begin to grow in size and even bigger ones are what we know as asteroids
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where are the majority of asteroids located?
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Asteroid belt
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What is the outer belt farther out in space where asteroids and comets can be found?
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Kuiper belt
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What is found in the outer region of the gas cloud?
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Ice and dust bonding to form dirty snowflakes known as comets
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Where are most of the comets concentrated?
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Kuiper belt
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How are planetesimals formed?
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As asteroids and other large particles clump together they begin to form smaller planet-like objects
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What is a planetesimal?
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they are 500-2000 mi in diameter and are round like many of the planets but inside they are hot/molten.
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Name one planetesimal.
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Pluto
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what happens in the final collision of the gaseous rotating disk?
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Gives us the 8 spaced out planets in our solar system that we know of today
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How are the planets formed into round objects?
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They are large enough for their gravity to form them into a round object
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Which are the terrestrial planets?
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The inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars)
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What are some characteristics of the terrestrial planets?
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They are earth-like, rocky, small and have medium to thin atmospheres
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What is different about Earth's atmosphere?
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The ocean and atmosphere are probably material from thousands of scattered comets which hit the Earth
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Why would earth have such a thin atmosphere?
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The Sun probably blew away the inner solar system gas before the Earth finished forming
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Why can't Earth hold onto light gases?
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The gas molecules on earth move way too fast and their gravity cannot hold onto the light gases
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Do the terrestrial planets have many moons?
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No
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What are the Jovian planets?
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The outer planets, (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune)
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What are some characteristics of the Jovian planets?
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Huge gas balls containing mostly hydrogen and helium, have very small, solid cores
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What are TNOs?
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Trans-Neptunian Objects, scattered asteroids all the way out beyond Neptune in the Kuiper Belt or Oort Cloud, left-over dirty snowballs
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What are three fates for asteroids/comets?
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Stay unchanged where they formed, gather into planets, scattered out of Solar System
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