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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
List the layers of the earth from the inside out
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Inner Core, Outer Molten Core,Convection currents in molten magma, Continental crust
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Explain the relationship of the mantle and the crust.
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Continental crust, which is thicker than oceanic crust extends deeper into the mantle because of its thickness, or roots.Pg524
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Explain Convection current an how it explains plate tectonics.
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Convection currents transfer energy through the movement of matter causing plate tectonics.P.546.
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What is the continental drift theory?
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Earth's continents were once joined as a single landmass that broke up and drifted apart.
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What four major pieces of evidence did Wegener have for it?
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Seafloor spreading,ocean floor rocks are symmetric in relation to ocean ridges,Magma fills the gaps and Hardens P.546.
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What was the major problem with his theory?
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Wegener couldn't explain what was causing the continents to drift and thought maybe earths rotation was responsible and physicists proved that theory to be wrong.
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What causes ocean floor spreading
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Seafloor spreading occurs as magmarises toward the crust, cools and hardens to fill the gap-becomes new section of oceanic crust.p.546
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Explain subduction
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Area where the crust plunges into the mantle and melts.
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Explain Plate Tectonics
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Earths crust and the top of the upper mantle are broken into large slabs of rock called plates, which move.
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Name three types of plate boundaries
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Convergent, Divergent, transform
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Tension
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Stress that pulls rock in opposite directions
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Shearing
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Stress that pulls rock side by side
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Compression
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Stress that squeezes together
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Convergent
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Plates that move toward each other
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Divergent
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plates that move apart
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Ocean floor spreading
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Idea that underwater volcanoes produce new crust
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Mid-Ocean Ridge
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Underwater mountain ranges
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Convection current
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rising and sinking of magma due to temperature
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Continental Drift
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idea that the continents were once a giant landmass
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Plate tectonics
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idea that the crust is broken into huge pieces that move
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Isostasy
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balancing force between the crust and the mantle
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Volcanoe
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Lava and gases escaping from the crust
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earthquake
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Faults in the crust that release seismic waves
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What two states and the surrounding areas are at risk for earthquakes?
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California and Missouri
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Which of the following are effective ways to protect us from earthquakes
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Improved building construction, planning, Being prepared for disaster
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How many stations do seismologists need to have information from in order to determint the epicenter?
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Three
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The New Madrid Fault is reponsible for earthquakes in what region?
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Midwest
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The two scales used to measure earthquakes are
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Richter and Mercalli
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The Richter scale a 7.0 would be ____times larger than a 6.0.
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10 times larger everytime it goes up a number
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The scale used to measure the amount of damage from an earthquake is the
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Mercalli
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Why didn't people believe Wegner's theory of continental drift?
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He couldn't explain why or how the continents would move.
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How long after Wegener's continental drift theory did we finally learn about plate tectonics
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?
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The name of the giant land mass when all the continents were together is
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Pangaea
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What is causing the plates to move?
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Convection Current
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Wegner's proof for continental drift included:
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Similar fossils in S. American and Africa, Glaciers in now tropical climates, Matching mountain ranges in N.American, and Europe
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The Ring of Fire is in what ocean?
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Pacific Ocean
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The major cause of earthquakes is____, and the minor cause is_____.
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Plate Boundaries is first and Stress on these boundaries is second.
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A subduction zone will be found at which type of plate boundary?
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Convergent
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Surface waves do NOT start_______.
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They do not start at the focus.
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The Hawiian islands were formed due to
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Hot spots
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The newest ocean crust can be found
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Closest to mid-ocean ridges
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Large waves produced from underwater earthquakes are called?
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Tsunamis
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Seismologists can determine how far they are from the epicenter by measuring the _______.
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arrival time of the P ans S waves
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The spot of the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus is the __.
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Epicenter
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A crack in the crust large enough to make the rock around it move is called a?
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Fault
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Convergent plate boundaries will most likely form
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Mountains
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Volcanoes the form gently sloping domes from oozing lava are
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Shield Volcanoes
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The symetrical, cone shaped volcanoes that produce lave, ash and bombs are called?
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Composite Volcanoes
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What determines the composition of lava?
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It's thickness
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Mudflows are the result of What?
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Volcanic eruptions.
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There is more damage done in and earthquake the closer you get to the ____?
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Epicenter.
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Secondary waves are Not known as
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Push pull waves.What are they known as?
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Convergent plate boundaries will most likely form
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Mountains
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Volcanoes the form gently sloping domes from oozing lava are
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Shield Volcanoes
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The symetrical, cone shaped volcanoes that produce lave, ash and bombs are called?
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Composite Volcanoes
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What determines the composition of lava?
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It's thickness
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Mudflows are the result of What?
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Volcanic eruptions.
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There is more damage done in and earthquake the closer you get to the ____?
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Epicenter.
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Secondary waves are Not known as
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Push pull waves.What are they known as?
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Convergent plate boundaries will most likely form
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Mountains
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Volcanoes the form gently sloping domes from oozing lava are
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Shield Volcanoes
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The symetrical, cone shaped volcanoes that produce lave, ash and bombs are called?
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Composite Volcanoes
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What determines the composition of lava?
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It's thickness
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Mudflows are the result of What?
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Volcanic eruptions.
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There is more damage done in and earthquake the closer you get to the ____?
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Epicenter.
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done
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done
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