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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are two "normal" objects in our Solar System?
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The Sun, and stars
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What are some "extreme" objects in our solar system?
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Quasars, pulsars, black holes, supernova explosions, neutron stars
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What kind of star is the Sun?
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Population I
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How does the Sun lose many tons of mass each day?
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From solar winds- hot ionized gas "boiling" off the Sun
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Where does the Sun get its energy?
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Fusing hydrogen to helium in the core
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What is the first stage in the formation of a star and what happens?
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Protostar-gas cloud collapses due to gravity, heats up due to compression of the gas, and is surrounded by disk of gas and dust
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What happens in the main sequence, the second stage of the formation of a star?
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Nuclear fusion in the core of hydrogen to helium provides the star with its energy
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What is the last phase of the star formation?
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Giant phase, hydrogen in the core is used up fusion occurs in the middle layers
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Discuss a blue giant.
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A blue giant is a bright, hot star that is very intense. Blue stars do not live very long, because they are constantly burning fuel, thus they are all young stars.
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Where are blue giants on the HR diagram?
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They can be found in the main sequence and are very high mass stars
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What do all main-sequence stars do?
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Fuse hydrogen to helium in the core
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What is a white dwarf?
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essentially a dead star, there is no energy to fuse
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What two elements are in a white dwarf?
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earth size ball of carbon, oxygen
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How big is a white dwarf?
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It is a medium mass star
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How do white stars give off luminosity?
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They store heat
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How is a white dwarf formed?
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After a red giant sheds its outer layers to form a planetary nebula, it leaves behind a core (the white dwarf)
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What is the temperature of a white dwarf when it initially forms and what happens to it?
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It is very hot when it forms but it gradually radiates away and cools down as it has no source of energy to keep it heated
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How bright are white dwarfs?
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Not very bright, they are a lot harder to see, much dimmer
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What is a black hole?
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The center of the galaxy where gravity is so intense that neither matter nor light can escape
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How is a black hole formed?
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When a very high mass star's core collapses and the pressure of everything is what gives a black hole such an intense gravitational field
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What produces radio radiation inside a black hole?
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Gas and dust falling into it
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What do the gas spirals produce?
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intense particle beams due to the magnetic field
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What do black holes actually do?
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They suck in millions of matter from neighboring galaxies, because of strong gravitational pull
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What forms in a black hole when there is no more matter to suck in?
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Quasars
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What is a neutron star?
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an ultra dense star that is usually about 10 mi across
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How do neutron stars form?
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from high mass stars whose core collapses, the outer layers fall and ignite fast fusion
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Why do neutron stars emit radio waves?
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Because of their intense rotation and magnetic fields
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How much visible light is there for a neutron star?
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little
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What is a fast spinning neutron star?
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Pulsar
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What does a pulsar inside a neutron star do?
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It emits short pulses of radio energy as the neutron star spins faster
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