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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Greenhouse Gas components (6) |
Water vapor Carbon dioxide Methane Ozone CFC's Nitrous Oxide |
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Atmospheric Gasses |
Nitrogen (78%) Oxygen (21%) Argon (1%) |
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Bowen's Reaction Series |
Arrangement of minerals and the sequence in which they crystalize Ultramafic: Olivine Mafic: Pyroxine, amphibole Intermediate: Biotite Mica Felsic: Potassium feldspar, Muscovite Mica, Quartz |
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Which igneous rock is coarse grained |
Dominantly quartz and feldspar |
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Which igneous rock is fine grained |
Dominantly plagioclase with maybe olivine |
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What is the definition of a mineral |
A naturally occurring, inorganic crystalline material with a unique chemical composition |
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What do pearly, vitreous, and dull relate to for minerals? |
Luster |
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What is the definition of metamorphic rock? |
Rocks formed by the alternation of preexisting rock deep within Earth (but still in a solid state) by heat, pressure, and or/chemically active fluids |
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Average salinity in the world's oceans |
35/1000 35 parts per thousand |
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Where do most tornadoes occur |
Where air masses meet Cold dry air mass pulls the moisture out of the warm air mass Southeast in US |
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What are the two forms of weathering and definition of each |
Physical Weathering: physical forces that break rock into smaller pieces without changing the rock's mineral composition (dry areas) Chemical Weathering: Involves a chemical transformation of rock into one or more new compounds; rain has carbonic acid (dominant weathering phenomenon) |
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What might contribute to activating a land slide |
If the slope is too steep and it can't hold If you add weight to the top of the slope Too much water Fracturing: too much fracturing weakens any rock |
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What rock type is associated with karst topography and sinkholes |
Limestone or marble |
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What is moraine made out of |
Till: unsorted sediments deposited by a glacier |
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What type of sand dune is shaped like a crescent with tips or horns pointing downward |
Barchanoid |
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How fast does a tsunami go? |
800 Kilometers per hour 500 mph |
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What kind of a plate boundary is the San Andres fault |
Continental transform fault |
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What are two major types of folds |
Anticline (up) Syncline (down) |
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What is a fault where the hanging wall block moves up |
Reverse Fault
Caused by compressional forces |
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What is a fault where the hanging wall block moves down |
Normal fault
Caused by tensional forces |
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What do you get if you dry out sea water |
Salt (sodium chloride) |
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What's an active continental margin |
A portion of the sea floor adjacent to the continents that is usually narrow and consisting of highly deformed sediments Margins occur where oceanic lithosphere is being subducted beneath the margin of a continent |
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What is a passive continental margin |
A margin that consists of a continental shelf, slope, and rise Not associated with plate boundaries Little volcanism and few earthquakes |
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What kind of tides do we have in Orange County |
Mixed |
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What kind of tides do we have on the east coast |
Semidiurnal |
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What is the main influence of tides on Earth |
The moon |
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As waves approach the shore, they usually turn in what direction |
Clockwise Get refracted (bend) When waves slow down at the shore, the waves in deeper water continue to advance at a greater velocity |
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What causes waves to slow down |
When it reaches a coast |
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What is the name of the prevailing winds of Orange County |
Santa Ana winds |
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How fast does the wind blow to classify as a storm of a hurricane |
74 mph |
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What type of climate is in Orange County |
Mediterranean Warm, dry season |
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What is the most prominent feature of the hydrosphere |
The water portion of the planet The ocean |
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If a stream channel is close to base level, what does the valley usually look like |
"U" |
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Which seismic wave travels through the body of the earth |
Body Waves |
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How many seismograph stations do you need to locate an earthquake |
3 |
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Hypothesis |
Construction of a tenative or untested explanation |
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Scientific Method |
The process in which researchers gather facts through observations and formulate scientific hypothesis and theories |
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Scientific Theory |
When a hypothesis has survived extensive scrutiny and when competing hypothesis have been eliminated |
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What is a volcano with a steep side and a pointy top |
Composite volcano |
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Shield volcano |
Produced by the accumulation of fluid basaltic lava and exhibit the shape of a broad, slightly domed structure that resembles a warrior's shield |
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Where do most earthquakes occur |
Where there are convergent plate boundaries An active continental margin |
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What is the dominating type for a land slide in Orange County |
Chemical |
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what is an erosional land form that's a mountain top surrounded by cirques |
Horn |
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Where would you find a deep ocean trench? |
Converging plate boundary |
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How did Mount Vesuvius begin its eruption |
Volcanic Ash and pumice |
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What is the layer of atmosphere where all of the greenhouse gasses are from |
Stratosphere |
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How is the stratosphere heated |
From the sun's rays |
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What are the names of the clouds typically associated with thunderstorms |
Cumulonimbus clouds |
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Two different types of thunderstorms |
Supercell: a thunderstorm with multiple storms Singe Cell: a solitary cell of rising hot air produced by surface heating (short storm) |
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Which direction do winds blow in the OC |
To the west From the south east, to the north west |
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Where are most of the world's volcanoes located |
Pacific Ocean Where subducted oceanic plates are beneath continental plates |
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What are the largest, flattest places on Earth |
Danakil Desert, Ethipia Salt Flats in Bolivia and Utah |
