Earth Science Dw Chapter 23/24

Front 1

Coral

Back 1

Tiny, colonial sea animals that form a large part of Earth’s reefs.

Front 2

boiling point

Back 2

The temperature at which a solution turns from liquid to gas.

Front 3

salinity

Back 3

The measure of the dissolved salts in water.

Front 4

water mass

Back 4

A body of water with distinct properties based on where it originated.

Front 5

Black smoker

Back 5

These spew water of about 380 degrees C from volcano-like chimneys.

Front 6

nekton

Back 6

Free-swimming marine life, such as fish, reptiles, whales, squid, and jellyfish.

Front 7

mixed layer

Back 7

The surface layer of ocean water.

Front 8

oceanography

Back 8

The scientific study of the ocean and seas.

Front 9

phytoplankton

Back 9

Photosynthesizing microorganisms that float freely in the ocean’s surface waters, make up the base of the ocean’s food chain, and are the primary energy source for the marine ecosystem.

Front 10

zooplantkton

Back 10

The microscopic animals found in ocean water that eat phytoplankton or smaller zooplankton.

Front 11

Diatom

Back 11

A one-celled protist with a delicate, thin shell made of silica.

Front 12

freezing point

Back 12

The temperature at which a solution turns from liquid to solid.

Front 13

thermocline

Back 13

The layer of ocean directly beneath the mixed layer, in which the temperature decreases rapidly.

Front 14

Obtaining layers of sea floor sediment by using a long cylinder.

Back 14

Core sampling

Front 15

Originally come from continental rocks and minerals broken down from weathering and erosion.

Back 15

Terrigenous sediments

Front 16

This describes where an oceanic plate is sliding under continental plate.

Back 16

Active continental margin

Front 17

This is created by the skeletal remains, mostly shells, of once living organisms.

Back 17

Biogenous sediments

Front 18

This is the part of the continent that extends from the shoreline out to the slope.

Back 18

Continental shelf

Front 19

This begins at the shelf edge and where water depth then increases rapidly.

Back 19

Contiental slope

Front 20

This allows us to use sound to measure the depth of the ocean floor.

Back 20

Echo sounding

Front 21

A product of crustal sinking that results in a ring shaped coral island.

Back 21

Coral atoll

Front 22

Long, narrow, steep-sided troughs that run parallel to some continental margins.

Back 22

Deep sea trench

Front 23

This is the flattest of all the features on earth.

Back 23

Abyssal plain

Front 24

These are cone shaped underwater features that are volcanic in nature.

Back 24

Seamount

Front 25

Volcanic islands that are aligned in chains next to deep sea trenches make.

Back 25

Island arc

Front 26

Undersea mountain ranges that form at divergent plate boundaries

Back 26

Mid-ocean ridge

Front 27

A seamounts that looks like its top has been cut off is called a

Back 27

Guyot

Front 28

These are valleys that cut through the continental shelf.

Back 28

Submarine canyon

Front 29

These are great landslides of mud and sand that speed down the continental slopes.

Back 29

Turbity currents

Front 30

These are small rolling hills that often occur in groups on the ocean basin.

Back 30

Abyssal hill