Earth Science Ch.7

Front 1

Volcano

Back 1

A weak spot in the crust where molten material or magma comes to the surface

Front 2

Magma

Back 2

A molten mixture of rock-forming substances gases and water from the mantle

Front 3

Lava

Back 3

Magma that reaches the surface

Front 4

Ring of Fire

Back 4

One major volcanic belt that it was formed by many volcanoes

Front 5

Where do volcanic belts form

Back 5

Along the boundaries of Earth's plates

Front 6

Island arc

Back 6

A string of islands that was created by volcanoes

Front 7

Hotspot

Back 7

An area where material from deep within the mantle Rises then melts forming magma

Front 8

A volcano forms above a hotspot when

Back 8

Magma erupts through the crust and reaches the surface

Front 9

Element

Back 9

A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances

Front 10

Compound

Back 10

A substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically combined

Front 11

Physical property

Back 11

Is any characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance

Front 12

Chemical property

Back 12

NE property that produces a change in the composition of matter

Front 13

Viscosity

Back 13

The physical property of liquids

Front 14

The viscosity of magma depends upon

Back 14

It's silica content and temperature

Front 15

Silica

Back 15

A compound made up of particles of the elements oxygen and silicon

Front 16

Pahoehoe

Back 16

A fast-moving hot lava that has low viscosity

Front 17

aa

Back 17

Lava that is cooler and slower-moving

Front 18

Magma chamber

Back 18

The place beneath the volcano where magma collects

Front 19

Pipe

Back 19

Magma that moves upward

Front 20

Vent

Back 20

When molten rock and gas leaves volcano through an opening

Front 21

Lava flow

Back 21

The area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent

Front 22

Crater

Back 22

A bowl-shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano around the central vent

Front 23

When a volcano erupts

Back 23

The force of the expanding gases pushes back from the magma chamber through the pipe until flows or explodes out of the vent

Front 24

Geologists classify volcanic eruptions as

Back 24

Quiet or explosive

Front 25

Quiet eruptions

Back 25

Happening whether is low silica and low viscosity

Front 26

Explosive eruptions

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Happens when there is high silica and high viscosity

Front 27

Pyroclastic flow

Back 27

Occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out a mixture of hot gases Ash Cinders and bombs

Front 28

Geologist often use the terms

Back 28

Active dormant or extinct describe the volcano stage of activity

Front 29

Active

Back 29

A volcano that is erupting or has shown signs that it may erupt in the near future

Front 30

Dormant

Back 30

A volcano that is to awaken in the future and become active

Front 31

Extinct

Back 31

A volcano that is dead or unlikely to erupt again

Front 32

Shield volcanoes

Back 32

When lava flows gradually build a wide gentle sloping Mountain

Front 33

Cinder cone volcanoes

Back 33

After a big volcano erupt it produces Ash Cinders and bombs which build up around the vent in a steep cone-shaped hill or small Mountain

Front 34

Composite volcanoes

Back 34

Hall County mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of Ash

Front 35

Lava plateaus

Back 35

After eruptions of lava instead of forming mountains it forms a high-level area

Front 36

Volcanic eruptions create landforms made of lava and other materials these landforms include

Back 36

Shield volcanoes cinder cone volcanoes composite volcanoes and lava plateaus

Front 37

Calderas

Back 37

A huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic Mountain

Front 38

Soils from lava and Ash

Back 38

Soil that was created from lava Ash and Cinders but over time the hard surface soil

Front 39

Features formed by magma include

Back 39

Volcanic necks dikes and Sills as well as batholiths and Dome mountains

Front 40

Volcanic necks

Back 40

Are created when magma hardens in a volcano pipe

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Dike

Back 41

Name of that forces itself across Rock layers and hardens

Front 42

Sill

Back 42

When they must wheezes between horizontal layers of rock

Front 43

Batholith

Back 43

A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust

Front 44

Dome mountains

Back 44

Other smaller bodies of hardened magma that create Dome mountains

Front 45

Hot Springs

Back 45

When underground water is heated by a nearby body of magma or by a hot rock deep underground

Front 46

Geysers

Back 46

A fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground

Front 47

Geothermal energy

Back 47

In some volcanic areas water heated by magma can provide an energy source