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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What structure do minerals form?
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Crystalline Structures
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What is responsible mining?
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Reclamation
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Mohr's Hardness Scale is a rating from what to what?
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1-10 (Soft to Hard)
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What is an atom?
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The smallest part of an element that has all the properties of that element
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What are the two main classifications of minerals?
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Silicate and Non-silicate
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Calcite
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Glassy, Color varies
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Pyrite
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Streak is White
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Obsidian
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Black and Glassy
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What is a compound?
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A substance made of 2 or more elements that have been chemically combined
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Which two elements are most common in minerals?
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Silicon and Oxygen
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What are the 5 main ways to identify minerals? Describe each
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Color- rocks come in lots of colors
Luster- shiny or dull Streak- mark the rock leaves when rubbed on something Hardness- resistance to being scratched Cleavage- the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces |
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How many minerals are known to exist on the Earth's crust?
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3,000
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What is a mineral?
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A naturally formed, inorganic solid with a crystalline structure
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How many layers are there in the structure of the Earth?
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4 : Crust, Mantle, Inner Core, Outer Core
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Which layer of the Earth is composed of solid, iron, and nickel?
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Inner Core
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What is a rock?
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Mineral mixtures
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What do rocks become when they are weathered down?
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Sediment
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What is the deposition process?
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Process of sediment settling at the bottom of a body of water
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What are the 3 main categories of rock?
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Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
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How is the texture of a rock determined?
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Size, Shape, Position of grains
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What are the 2 types of igneous rock that form? Describe how each is formed.
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Intrusive- inside of earth
Extrusive- outside of earth |
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If something is coarse grained, what does that mean?
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Bubbly, rough
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What does strata describe in sedimentary rock?
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Layers
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What is Metamorphism?
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Combination of Heat and Pressure
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Foliation and non-foliation describe what in metamorphic rock?
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Textures
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Natural resources
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Any natural substance, organism, or energy form that living things use
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Renewable Resource
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A natural resource that can be used and replaced over a relatively short time
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Nonrenewable Resource
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A natural resource that can't be replaced or that can be replaced only over thousands or millions of years
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Recycling
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The process by which used or discarded materials are treated for reuse
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Energy Resource
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Natural resource that humans use to produce energy
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Fossil Fuels
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Non-Renewable energy resources that form in the Earth's crust over millions of years from the buried remains of once-living organisms
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Petroleum
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An oily mixture of flammable organic compounds from which liquid fossil fuels and other products
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