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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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continental shelf
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gradually sloping end of the continent that extends under the ocean
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continental slope
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extends from outer edge of the continental shelf down to the ocean floor
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abyssal plains
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flat seafloor areas, can be 4,000-6,000 ft deep
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mid-ocean ridge
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arean in ocean basin where new ocean floor is formed
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trench
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long, narrow, steep-sided depression where one crustal plate sinks beneath another
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phtosynthesis
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food- making processusing light energy from sun, carbon dioxide, and water
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chemosynthesis
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food-making process using sulfure or nitrogen compounds
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nekton
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animals that actively swim
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benthos
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plants and animals living on or in the seafloor
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estuary
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area where the mouth of a river opens into an ocean
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reef
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rigid,wave-resistant structure built by coral from skeletal material
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pollution
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introduction of harmful waste products
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diverging
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plates moving away from each other
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converging
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plates moving closer together
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rift zones
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system of cracks in the seafloor
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seamount
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volcanoe that never rises above ocean surface
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manganese nodules
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small black lumps strewn across 20-50% of pacific basin
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the seafloor contains the ________
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largest mountains,flattest plains,deepest valleys
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how does new crusts form
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plates moving away from each other
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what happens to old ocean crusts as they move towards each other?
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descends beneath other crust and is detroyed
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how do mid-ocean ridges form?
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the forces within earth spread the seafloor apart at rifts, which causes it to buckle
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what does the continental shelf deposit?
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petroleum and other natural gases
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how are these deposits taken out?
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they are pumped to surface by drills that are attached to loating vessels and fixed platforms
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what are some other deposits in the continental shelf and how are they used?
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phosphorite=fertilizers, limestone=cement
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how do manganese nodules form
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concentrating around the nuclei
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what are these nodules rich in
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manganese, nickel,copper, and cobalt
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