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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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basin
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low area on earth in which an ocean formed when the area filled with water from torrential rains.
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salinity
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a measure of the amount of salts dissolved in seawater
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surface current
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wind powered ocean current that moves water horizontally, parallel to earth's surface, and moves only the upper few hundred meters of seawater
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coriolis effect
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moving air and water to turn left in the southern hemisphere and turn right in the northern hemisphere due to earth's rotation
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upwelling
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vertical circumlation in the ocean that brings deep, cold water to the ocean surface
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density current
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circulation pattern in the ocean that forms when a mass of more dense seawater sinks beneath less dense seawater
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wave
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rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter or space
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crest
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highest point of a wave
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trough
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lowest point of a wave
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breaker
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collapsing ocean wave that forms in shallow water and breaks onto the shore
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tide
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dailey rise and fall in sea level caused for the most part, by the interaction of gravity in the earth moon system
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tidal range
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the difference between the level of the ocean at high tide and the level at low tide
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how do waves form?
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when wind blows across a large body of water
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what does the hieght of the wave depend on?
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speed of wind, distance over which the win nlows, and the length of time the wind blows
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what are some ways the earth's ocean affect our lives?
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food, transportation, oil drilling, table salt
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what are two types of current?
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surface and density
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what are two factors that control currents?
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the coriolis effect and continents that deflect currents
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how are substances constantly add into the ocean?
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rivers, volcanoes, and atmosphere
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by what are these substances being used and at what rate?
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plants, animals, or they are forming solids in the ocean bottom. At the same rate as always
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what do marine animals use to form bones?
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calcium
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what is used to form shells
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silica, and calcium
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what type of shells do some plants have?
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silica shells
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why are these substances being used up so fast?
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because there are many plants, and animals in the water
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why are currents from the western coast colder
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far from the equator in the cooler latitudes
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why is upwelling important?
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water is loaded with nutrients which promote primary production and plankton growth which in turn attract fish
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less dense water is____
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found at the equator, warmer, water molecules move more, bounce into each other more, thus more space between them
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how long does it take to complete a cycle
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275
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what are some elements found in the ocean?
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chloride,sodium,potassium, magnesium,calcium,sulfur
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what gases are found in the ocean?
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oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen
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how do volcanoes help oceans?
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they erupt and release gases into atmosphere and then ocean
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what are some gases released by volcanoes?
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bromide, chlorine
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