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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is albedo
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percent of solar radiation reflected by a surface
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solar
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Abrasion
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mechanical weathering in which rocks colide and scrape against each other weearing away surfaces
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After shock
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tremor that follows an earthquake and is smaller
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Air mass
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large body of air with uniform temp and moisture content
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Alloy
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solid solition of two or more metals
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Alluvial Fan
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fan shaped sediment deposit at base of slope on land
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Amber
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animals and plants fossilized in hardened tree sap
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Anthracite
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hardest form of coal
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Anticline
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upcurved fold in rock in which oldest rock is in the center fold
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Apehelion
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point in orbit planet is farthest from sun
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Apogee
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point in satellite orbit farthest from earth
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Apparent Magnitude
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brightness of star as appear from earth
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Aquifer
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body of rock that stores water and water flows freely from
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Artesian Formation
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sloping layer of permeable rock between two layers of impermeable rock and exposed at surface
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Artesian well
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hole dug through cap rock of artesian formation through which water flows freely
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Asteroid
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fragment of rock orbits sun
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Asteroid belt
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area between orbits of mars and jupiter in which most asteroids found
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Asthenosphere
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zone of mantle beneath lithosphere consists of slow flow solid rock
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Astronomical Unit
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average distance between sun and earth 149.5 million km
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Astronomy
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study of universe beyond earth
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Atmosphere
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thick blanket of gases surrounding earth
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Atmospheric Pressure
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ratio of force of air to the area of the surface on which is presses
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Atom
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smallesy unit of element
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Aurora
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sheets of colored light produced by magnetic storm in upper atmosphere
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Autumnal Equinox
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begining of fall season
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Axis
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imaginary line that runs from pole to pole
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Background radiation
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low levels of energy distributed evely throughout universe
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Basal Slip
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melting of ice in contact with ground causes glacier move
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bethos
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organism live on ocean floor
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Big bang Theory
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all matter and energy was compressed into small volume became unstable and expanded in all directions
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Binary Star
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pair of stars that revolve around eachother
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Biodegradable
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able to be broken down into component parts by microorganisms
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Biosphere
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ecosystem encompases all life on earth
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Bituminous Coal
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soft coal
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black hole
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hole in space with great gravity light cannot escape
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How do blackholes form
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when supernova collapses
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Breaker
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foamy mass of water that washes onto shore
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Breccia
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elastic sedimentary rock composed of angular fragments cemeneted together by minerals
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Cap rock
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top layer of impermeable rock in an artesian formation
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carbonation
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chemical wethering process in which minerals react with carbonic acid
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Carbonization
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plant material changed to carbon
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cartography
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science of map making
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cementation
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dissolved minerals left by water passing through sediments bind sediments together
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cenozoic era
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most recent geo era, bgan 65 mill yrs ago, age of mammals
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channel
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path that a stream follows
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chemical sedimentary rock
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rock formed from minerals that percipitate in water
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Cheical weathering
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process in which rock is broken down as a result of chemical reactions
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Chinook
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warm dry wind that flows down eastern slope of rocky mountains
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Chromosphere
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thin layer of suns atmosphere above photosphere, glows with reddish light
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Cinder cone
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steep-sloped deposit of sold fragments ejected from a volcano
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circumpolar
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star that is always visible in night sky and can be seen in northern hemisphere circling polaris
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cirque
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bowl shaped depression produced by valley glacier
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clastic sedimentary rock
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rock made up of fragments from pre-existing rocks
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cleavage
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splitting of a mineral along smooth flat sirfaces
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climate
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general weather conditions over many years
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comet
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body of rock, dust, ice, and amonia revolves round sun in long eliptical orbit
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compression
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stress that squeezes crustal rocks together
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cone of depression
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lowered area of a water table produced by pumping water from well
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conglometate
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sedimentary rock composed of rounded gravel or pebbles cemented together by minerals
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constellation
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pattern of stars
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continental crust
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material that makes up land masses
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continental drift
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hypothesis thtat continents were once formed into single landmass and broke up drifting to present locations
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continetnal ice sheet
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mass of ice that coversl large land area
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continental shelf
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edge of a continent covered by shallow oceann water
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contour interval
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difference in elevation between one contour line and next
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contour line
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line on map that conects points with same elevation
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convection
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transfer of heat through the movement of heted materials
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convection current
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movement in a liquid caused by uneven heating
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convectice zone
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region around suns radiative zone in which mocing gases transfer energy
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convergent boundary
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border formed by the colission of two lithospheric plates
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coprolite
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fossilized waste from animal
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core
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center of planet
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corona
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outermost later of suns atmosphere
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creep
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slow downhill movement of weathered rock material
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crator (planet)
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large bowl shaped depression on surface of planet
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crator (volcano)
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funnel shaped pit at top of volcanic cone
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crevasse
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large crack forms on glacier surface
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crude oil
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unrefined petroleum
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crystal
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natural solid substance with definite internal pattern
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deflation
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most common form of wind eriosion fine dry soil particles blown away
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deformation
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bending, tilting breaking earths crust
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delta
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fan shapped deposit of sediments at mouth of stream
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doppler effect
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apparent shift in wavelength of energy emitted by a source moving awat from or toward an observer
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double refraction
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property of transparent minerals, pordice double image of any object viewed through them
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dome mountain
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landform created when molten rock pushes up rock layers on earth's surface, layers then worn away in spots leaving seperate peaks
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