Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Big Bang Theory explains
|
the creation of the Universe
|
|
|
The Big Bang happened about
|
14 billion years ago
|
|
|
Our evidence for the Big Bang is
|
the universe is expanding and we can we can tell because of the doppler effect (red/blue shift)
|
|
|
Terms of Earth and Space/order
|
universe - stars/stars with solar systems - planets and asteroids
|
|
|
Hypothesis
|
a guess that requires no evidence
|
|
|
Theories
|
explain facts/evidence everyone agrees on
|
|
|
Galaxies are made of
|
clusters of gas and dust, and 90% dark matter
|
|
|
Black holes are
|
dead stars that are extremely dense and have a huge gravitational pull. They are often the center of galaxies
|
|
|
Life of a small star
|
stellar nursery/nebula - small star - white/black dwarf (theory)
|
|
|
Life of a medium star
|
stellar nursery/nebula - average star - red giant - planetary nebula - white dwarf - black dwarf
|
|
|
Life of a massive star
|
stellar nursery/nebula - massive star - red supergiant - supernova - neutron star (10x sun) / supernova (much bigger than sun) / black hole (more than ten times sun)
|
|
|
solar system was formed
|
4.5 billion years ago from gas and dust (mostly hydrogen and helium)
gravity created clumps clumps began to spin with largest clump in the center pressure called nuclear fusion caused the sun to ignite smaller planets became planets (terrestrial or gas giants) |
|
|
Pluto is no longer considered a planet because
|
it crosses orbits with neptune which is the larger body
too small to be a planet |
|
|
comets are
|
clumps of ice/dust that orbit the sun
they have tails of gas called comas they melt as they near the sun |
|
|
shooting stars are
|
meteors that burn up as they enter earth's atmosphere
if they reach earth they are meteorites |
|
|
sun is made of
|
a photo-sphere (surface) of 6000 degrees celsius
core of about 14 000 000 degrees celsius solar prominence (jets of burning gas) sun spots (cooler spots on earth's surface) corona Sun's atmosphere |
|
|
speed of light
|
300 000 000 m/s
universal constant fastest thing in the universe |
|
|
astronomical unit
|
distance from earth to the sun
|
|
|
name of graph that organizes stars and how it works
|
the hertzsprung-russel diagram
it compares the luminosity of a star to its temperature. we use it to determine the age of stars |
|
|
name all the layers/parts of the sun and their properties
|
core-center, nuclear fusion, 15 million degrees celsius
radiation zone-first layer surrounding core. takes millions of years to pass convection zone-where hotter parts rise/cooler parts sink. photosphere-surface of the sun. about 5500 degrees celsius chromosphere-the inner atmosphere, 6000 degrees hotter than the photosphere corona- outer layer of the atmosphere. white light that extends millions of kilometers |
