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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes the atmosphere and oceans move? (3) |
Unequal heating of the Earth Earth's rotation Gravity of the moon and Earth |
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Earth's axis angle? |
23.5 degrees |
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What are the two effects of tilt on sunlight distribution? |
Length of day and sun angle |
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When is there 24 hours of sunlight north of 66.5 degrees N? |
June solstice |
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How long are the days on an equinox? |
12 hours everywhere |
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Define declination angle |
the latitude at which the sun is directly overhead at noon |
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Equation for determining radiation intensity |
sin(sun angle) x 100% |
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Noon Sun Angle equation |
90 degrees - l latitude - declination angle l |
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NSA is positive in? negative in? |
Northern Hemisphere, Southern Hemisphere |
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What are the Milankovitch cycles? |
Eccentricity of Earth's orbit (oval stretches and contracts) - Changes in Earth's tilt and orbit |
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What is weather? |
The current state of Earth's atmosphere |
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What is climate? |
Long term state of the atmosphere in a location |
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Where is water vapor concentrated? |
At the equator and closer to Earth's surface |
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Define albedo |
the ratio in which light is reflected |
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High albedo ___? low albedo ___? |
Reflects Absorbs |
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Define latent heat |
the heat required to convert a solid into a liquid or vapor, or a liquid into a vapor, without change of temperature. |
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Define specific heat capacity |
the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount |
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Name 4 factors that effect local changes in temperature |
Proximity to ocean, wind, clouds, elevation |
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What is the dew point |
The temperature a sample of air would have to cool to for dew to form |
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What part of the Earth's crust are tectonic plates made of? |
Lithosphere |
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Characteristics of P waves (4) |
Compressional Induce movement in the same direction waves travel Move through all states 5-8 km/s |
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Characteristics of S waves (4) |
Shear Motion is perpendicular to wave direction Travel through solids only 2.5-4 km/s |
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How did the discovery that seismic waves can be refracted lead to the discovery that Earth is comprised of many layers? |
Their speed changes as they move between layers of different densities |
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How is the ocean measured? |
Bathymetry |
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4 types of sediment origins |
Terrigenous, Biogenous, Hydrogenous, Cosmogenous |
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Cosmogenous sediment (1) |
Space dust and meteorites |
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Hydrogenous sediment (1) |
Precipitation from seawater |
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Terrigenous sediments (3) |
Derived from terrestrial rock broke down by weathering and volcanic activity 50% of sediment When less than 5mm, it is considered abyssal clay |
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Two types of biogenous sediements |
1. Siliceous- diatoms, Radiolarians- protozoans 2. Calcareous remains of shells and corals- coccolithopods, formanifereans |
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