Early Middle Ages Part 2

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Medieval

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Another name for the Middle Ages.

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Leif Ericson

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A Norse (Viking) Explorer who discovered Newfoundland and was possibly the first European to travel to North America.; father was Eric the Red

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Eric The Red

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Discovered Greenland while banished from his country; named it Greenland to entice colonists to settle

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Pepin the Short

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He was Charles Martel's son. He defeated the Lombards and gave their land to the Pope. This territory became the Papal States

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Charles Martel

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Carolingian monarch of Franks; responsible for defeating Muslims in battle of Tours in 732; ended Muslim threat to western Europe.

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Franks

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Germanic people who lived and held power in Gaul. First leader was Clovis; by 511 they had united into one kingdom and they controlled the largest and strongest parts of Europe.

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Merovingian Dynasty

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family that ruled the Franks from the 500s to the 700s; The kingdom of Clovis and Charles Martel spread Christianity throughout France and expanded its territories

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Carolingian Dynasty

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A series of Frankish rulers lasting from 751 to 987: Charles Martel, Pepin the Short, Charlemagne, Louis the Pious, Lothair & Louis the German & Charles the Bald

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Pope Gregory I

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Broadened the authority of the papacy, or pope's office, beyond spiritual role; papacy became secular power involved in politics

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Saint Patrick

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A bishop remembered for his work in Ireland. He taught people about the Holy Trinity using a shamrock .

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Clovis

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First important ruler of the Merovingian Dynasty and is considered the founder of the French State; he defeated the last great Roman army in Gaul and went on to form the first Frankish Kingdom.

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Saint Benedict

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In the sixth century, wrote a set of rules to guide a community of monks he founded. The community became the model for monasticism in the Catholic Church and the Benedictine rule came to be used by other monastic groups.

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Scholastica

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Sister of Benedict; adapted his Rule for nuns

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Dark Ages

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400-900. the cultural decline after the fall of Rome. little records or evidence of time period; also known as the Early Middle Ages

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Abbot

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The superior (leader) in a community of monks.

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Monk

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A man who has taken a solemn vow to devote his life to prayer and service in a monastery

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Treaty of Verdun

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treaty that divided up the empire of Charlemagne after his death

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Christendom

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Christian-dominated Western Europe of the Middle Ages

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Age of Faith

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Another name for the Early Middle Ages due to the fact that the Church was the dominant force throughout Europe

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Longship

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the name of a Viking longboat

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Lay investiture

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The appointment of bishops and abbots by secular rulers, often in exchange for temporal protection

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Knight

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A mounted warrior, who served to protect his lord and king in exchange for land; followed a strict Code of Chivalry

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Clergy

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A body of church officials who perform religious services

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Lord

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landowner who protected vassal, granted fiefs, defended honor of vassals family, guaranteed the vassal justice in court

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Count

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A medieval European term for middle level nobility. It is the equivalent to an Earl in England

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Missi Dominici

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Agents of Emperor Charlemagne who traveled throughout the empire to check the condition of the roads, listen to grievances, and see that justice was done