Ea - 1St Chapter - Intro To Anatomy

Front 1

How many organ systems?

Back 1

We commonly denote 11 organ systems

Front 2

Integumentary System

Back 2

Provides protection, regulates body temperature, site of cutaneous receptors, synthesizes vitamin D, prevents water loss. (Hair, skin, and associated glands)

Front 3

Skeletal System

Back 3

Provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis (blood cell production), stores calcium and phosphorus, provides sites for muscle attachments. (Bones)

Front 4

Muscular System

Back 4

Produces body movement, generates heat when muscles contract. (Muscles)

Front 5

Nervous System

Back 5

A regulatory system that controls body movement, responds to sensory stimuli, and helps control all other systems of the body. Also responsible for consciousness, intelligence, memory. (Central and peripheral nervous systems)

Front 6

Endocrine System

Back 6

Consists of glands and cell clusters that secrete hormones, some of which regulate body and cellular growth, chemical levels in the body, and reproductive functions. (Hypothalamus, Pineal gland, Pituitary, Thyroid, Thymus, Adrenal glands, Pancreas, Kidney, Testes)

Front 7

Cardiovascular System

Back 7

Consists of the heart (a pump), blood, and blood vessels; the heart moves blood through blood vessels in order to distribute hormones, nutrients, and gasses, and pick up waste products. (Heart, capillaries, artery, vein)

Front 8

Lymphatic System

Back 8

Thrasports and filters lymph (interstitial fluid transported through lymph vessels) and initiates an immune response when necessary. (Tonsils, Cervical lymph nodes, Thymus, Thoracic duct, Axillary lymph nodes, spleen, inguinal lymph nodes, popliteal lymph node, lymph vessel)

Front 9

Respiratory System

Back 9

Responsible for exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between blood and the air in the lungs. (Nasal cavity, cose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs)

Front 10

Digestive System

Back 10

Mechanically and chemically digests food materials, absorbs nutrients, and expels waste products. (Oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, liver, stomach, large and small intestine)

Front 11

Urinary System

Back 11

Filters the blood and removes waste products from the blood, concentrates waste products in the form of urine, and expels urine from the body. (Kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra)

Front 12

Male Reproductive System

Back 12

Produces male sex cells (sperm) and male hormones (testosterone) transfers sperm to the female. (Ductus deferens, prostate gland, urethra, testis, scrotum, seminal vesicle, epididymis, penis)

Front 13

Female Reproductive System

Back 13

Produces female sex cells (oocytes) and female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) receives sperm from male site of fertilization of oocyte, site of growth and development of embryo and fetus.

Front 14

Peritoneum

Back 14

A moist, 2-layered serous membrane that lines the abdominonpelvic cavity.

Front 15

Epigastric Region

Back 15

The superior region in the middle column, typically contains part of the liver, part of the stomach, the duodenum, part of the pancreas, and both adrenal glands.

Front 16

Umbilical Region

Back 16

Middle region in the middle column, typically contains the transverse colon, part of the small intestine, and the branches of the blood vessels to the lower limbs.

Front 17

Hypogastric Region

Back 17

The inferior region in the middle column, typically contains part of the small intestine, the urinary bladder, and the sigmoid colon of the large intestine.

Front 18

Right Hypochondriac Region

Back 18

Superior region, lateral to the epigastric region. Contains part of the liver, the gallbladder, and part of the right kidney.

Front 19

Left Hypochondriac Region

Back 19

Superior region lateral to the epigastric region. Contains part of the stomach, the spleen, the left colic flexure of the large intestine, and part of the left kidney.

Front 20

Right Lumbar Region

Back 20

Middle region lateral to the umbilical region. Contains the ascending colon and the right colic felexure of the the large intestine, the superior part of the cecum, part of the right kidney, and part of the small intestine.

Front 21

Left Lumbar Region

Back 21

Middle region lateral to the umbilical region. Contains the descending colon, part of the left kidney, and part of the small intestine.

Front 22

Right Iliac Region

Back 22

Inferior region lateral to the hypogastric region. Contains the inferior end of the cecum, the appendix, and part of the small intestine.

Front 23

Left Iliac Region

Back 23

Inferior region lateral to the hypogastric region. Contains the juntion of parts of the colon as well as part of the small intestine.

Front 24

Transpyloric Line

Back 24

Upper horizontal line that separates the 9 abdominopelvic regions.

Front 25

Transtubercular Line

Back 25

Lower horizontal line that separates the 9 abdominopelvic regions

Front 26

Mediastinum

Back 26

The median space in the thoracic cavity. Contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels

Front 27

Abdominal Cavity Contains:

Back 27

Most of the organs of the digestive system, as well as the kidneys and ureters of the urinary system.

Front 28

Pelvic Cavity Contains:

Back 28

Distal part of the large intestine, the urinary bladder and urethra, and the internal reproductive organs.

Front 29

Peritoneum

Back 29

Moist two-layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity.

Front 30

Peritoneal Cavity

Back 30

The potential space between the two peritoneum serous membrane layers. Where the lubricating seous fluid is located.

Front 31

Surface Anatomy

Back 31

Examination of superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the covering skin.

Front 32

Characteristics of Living Things

Back 32

Organization, Metabolism, Growth and Development, Responsiveness, Regulation (homeostasis), and reproduction.

Front 33

Levels of Organization

Back 33

Chemical Level (atom and molecule), Cellular Level (cells), Tissue Level, Organ Level, Organ System Level, Organismal Level