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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 Principle beliefs designating the human condition in its relation to God's perfection:
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TULIP
A)Total Depravity(the core insight organizing religious practice) B)Unmerited Election(Salvation;Grace; Justification) C) Limited Capacity for Goodness D)Irresistable Grace E)Perseverance of the Saints |
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A professed and tested authentic conversion experience
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Visible Sanctity
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A "spiritual" knowledge greater than "natural knowledge" and "common knowledge"
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Illuminated Reason
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Belief in a Covenant of Grace
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solidarity
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Belief in Visible Sanctity
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Authority
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The idea of human being:
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the irrevocable condition of sinfulness( the sin of Adam plus the sin of "self")
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The idea of God's Absolute Sovereignty:
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the emphasis on non-contingency (contingency is like a chance)
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Understanding "Perseverance of the Saints":
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1) Visible Sanctity
2)Illuminated Reason 3)A federal Theocracy resting upon the Principle of Conformity and manifesting the conviction that the "chosen" were gifted an "illuminated reason" by God and were destined, by His arbitrary will, to be saved from damnation and to lead the community of believers. |
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A fundamental (and beautiful) Truth about the relationship between human beings and God: Humans cannot earn salvation, which is awarded by God on the basis of His arbitrary will.
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Predestination
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a statement or proposition that is regarded as being established, accepted, or self-evidently true
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axiom
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An axiom defining human experience:
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Sanctification flows from Justification.
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God's gift of grace, salvation, the gifted possession of an illuminated reason
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Justification
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pious living, good works; the possession of a Visible Sanctity
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Sanctification
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Hawthorne: What was the Half Way Convent:
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If your parents were visible saints then you probably were too
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Was Hawthorne himself a Puritan?
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No he was not, but some of his family was (his grandfather, father)
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In 'Before the birth...children" what was Bradstreet's message in this poem?
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She wanted her husband to remember her and take care of kids.
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In "Young Goodman Brown" what does it mean the Brown "felt himself justified"?
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Brown was certain he was saved.
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In "Young Goodman Brown", what was Brown's journey into the forest an allegory for?
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It was an allegory for a journey into the moral wilderness of self and into the moral wilderness into one's own history.
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What was the legal Principle of Spectral Evidence?
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It was part of the law that specified what consisted of evil/devilish things. Another person had to verify that it had taken place. The law was to protect visible saints, who the devil could not overtake.
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In the context of 17th Century Calvinism, what is God's 'Absolute Sovereignty'?
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He is not dependent on anyone. You can't ask for forgiveness, he is totally separate from human beings. Almost as if he "doesn't care".
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In the context of 17th Century Calvinism, what is human's 'Total Depravity'?
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Psychological self, ritual sin. We are unable to do anything that doesn't benefit the self. We are the seed of Adam, who ate the apple.
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In the context of 17th Century Calvinism, what is Visible Sanctity?
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Full church members, they are special, believe they are the chosen ones. Showing signs that you have been saved. Sort of like a ranking.
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In the context of 17th Century Calvinism, what is Illuminated Reason?
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Actions or ideas that are so selfless they could only be put into practice by God himself through a human being. "Lightbulb" moments.
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Predestination makes God _____.
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beautiful
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Bradford's descriptions of the new world as a "moral wilderness" tell us what about the Puritan's worldview?
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They saw it as Satan's kingdom. Us vs Them.
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According to Bradford, how does illuminated reason contribute to Common Course and Condition?
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The Puritan's believed that Common Course and Condition was a system or idea given to them by God and that it was his desire. It did not work however, because young men were unhappy with the results of doing hard work and not receiving very much in return. The failure of Common Course and Condition to the Puritan's, was just a reaffirmation of the imperfectness of being human. Failing to live up to God's wishes.
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What is Common Course and Condition?
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It was the Puritan's first economic system. Similar to China's current regime. It was all about submit and obey. This did not work though. Young men were displeased. This was a big deal to keep them happy because they were the next generation of Puritan People. They later switched to Capitalism.
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Were Puritans trying to convert anyone?
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No, but they were fine if someone wanted to become like them or join their religion.
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Puritans by definition felt that the English Reformation had not gone far enough, and that the Church of England was tolerant of practices which they associated with the ___
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Catholic church
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______was a colonial American poet, pastor and physician. Wrote "Meditation #39". Did not want any of his writings published. Wrote in the Metaphysical style
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Edward Taylor
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is a branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the fundamental nature of being and the world,[1] although the term is not easily defined.[2] Traditionally, metaphysics attempts to answer two basic questions in the broadest possible terms:
"What is there?" "What is it like?" |
Metaphysics
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____ opposed the supremacy of the monarch in the church, and argued that the only head of the Church in heaven or earth is Christ.
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Puritans
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____wrote and retold the occurrences surrounding the Puritan's arrival at the Americas in Of Plymoth Plantation.
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William Bradford
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She spoke in a deeply personal manner distant from the general understanding of the role of Puritan women. She used poetry as a mode of demonstrating her love for family, husband, and God. Wrote "Before the Birth of One of Her Children".
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Anne Bradstreet
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Despite the traditional attitude toward women of the time, she clearly valued knowledge and intellect; she was a free thinker and some consider her an early feminist
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Anne Bradstreet
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_____constantly challenged the standard interpretation of the story of Adam and Eve. This was a vital text for the Puritans, key to the doctrine of original sin. But it was regularly cited to assign special blame to women as the source of sin and to justify the extremely patriarchal structure of Puritan society.
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Anne Hutchinson
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____is a Calvinist teaching that once persons are truly saved they can never lose their salvation.
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Perseverance of the Saints
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_____ is the teaching that, as a consequence of the Fall of Man, every person born into the world is enslaved to the service of sin and, apart from the efficacious or prevenient grace of God, is utterly unable to choose to follow God or choose to accept salvation as it is offered.
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Total Depravity
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____is the Calvinist teaching that before God created the world, he chose to save some people according to his own purposes and apart from any conditions related to those persons
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Unmerited Election
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____interpreted the doctrine of the Perseverance of the saints according to the Free Grace model, which taught that the saved could sin freely without endangering their salvation, instead of the Lordship salvation model prevalent at that time, which noted that those who were truly saved would demonstrate by seeking to follow the ways of their Saviour.
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Anne Hutchinson
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Pilgrims fixated on the Roman Catholic Church’s failure to honor the separation between Church and State. They believed it had to be separate to avoid corruption and keep the church pure.
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Principle of Separation
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A supercharged power of insight, feeling, or behavior. Something an individual believed could never have come from them alone. This was the best example that the conversion experience had worked. The people who thought they were saved were never completely at ease, but they believed they had the ability to be a little less arrogant.
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Illuminated Reason
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God is not dependent on anyone. He is never obligated to anyone and his favor can’t be earned. He is not required to do anything and is completely apart from human beings. Emphasis on non-contingency.
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God's Sovereignty
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Every human is born with a level of sin-fullness that cannot be overcome, which occurs on 2 levels. The Biblical level: humans are born with the seed of Adam. The Psychological level: the human mind is hard wired to worship the self, but it cannot be overcome. Humans can do nothing but worship the self. An inescapable condition of human nature. Draws from Calvinism and Predestination. Those who receive justification do so bc God arbitrarily decides to gift them with it, which is the Doctrine of Predestination. This is believed to demonstrate God’s absolute generosity and selflessness.
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Total Depravity
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Believed Saintliness had an authentic conversion experience and that God would give you a sign that you were chosen and saved. Those who believed that they had seen visible signs would be the ones to lead the community. An individual who believed they were a visible saint would appear before the church elders who would test that. They would ask questions such as “have you been attending church, listening to sermon, and acting pious?”. The Elders would then make the individual share their most private holy experience that occurred during private prayer.
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Visible Sanctity
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She said conversion was a private experience and believed no one else could really pass judgement on it. She objected to that belief. The church elders were outraged out her and leveled many charges against her. The elders believed she would start some crazy revolution with women. She was banished. Her story is important because she demonstrated that the Church Elders were actually displaying a form of conformity. Judgement on who was holy or saved was actually based on conformity to the Elders beliefs. She influenced the Scarlett Letter.
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Anne Hutchinson
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Was adamant on the Separation of Church and State. Did not believe in conformity. He went to Rhode Island where every religion was tolerated.
Principle of Conformity contradicts Principle of Separation. Covenantal Theology rests on the idea of chosen people. |
Roger Williams
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In her poem, Bradstreet addresses her own ____.
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mortality
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although ____ lived a pious life, he suffered a very painful death. People came to pay respects to the most visible saint they know, but he was in agony. They ask if there’s anything they can do for him. His reply: sir I am not suffering any more than I deserve.
He is an example of a heroic confrontation of mortality. |
Richard Mather
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wrote "A Narrative of the Captivity"
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Mary Rowlandson
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What is the most interesting lesson learned from Rowlandson's narrative?
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Most interesting lesson: the failure fully to understand how much one’s life belongs, for better or worse to God: she decides if shes ever being taken captive again, she will kill herself and not let them take her. She would rather be dead. She identifies her self as a pure christian woman. if she is molested by the tribesman, she thinks s she will bee impure. SHE is wrong . She realizes that her life belongs to god and that it plays out according to his plan. and so it would have been theolocially heresy to take her own life. if coms from the mistaken idea that her life belongs to her.
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wrote "The Minister's Black Veil". Uses allegory. Wants to set a historical record straight but must do it through fiction
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Nathaniel Hawthorne
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____ had a personal and intellectual curiosity in the Salem Witch trials. Wanted to know what caused them.
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Hawthorne
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What were some of the bad social conditions that Hawthorne discovered when looking into the Salem Witch Trials?
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1)problem with grain
2)The church of salem was squabling with royal governor. 3)They were indanger of losing their charter. 4)Increase in indian raids 5)unusually large number of homeless children Very stressed out population. Although this doesn’t exactly explain what happened. |
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Hawthorne discovered that the ministers were beating up on congregations, they were saying congregations were __, that they didin’t have the commitement to piety, energy to live in that way, diminished religious character and were no longer like bradford, etc.
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soft
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People getting "soft" in a religious aspect was attributed to the ____.
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Halfway Covenant of 1662
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is unself conscious . saves from self hate and despair. things you can’t live with in the self and projecting them outward. This is what hawthorne believed happened. People projected what they didn’t like about them selves onto other people
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Projection
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It said if someone was accused of witchcraft, assorting w the devil, or a ghost in the form of someone was seen doing d something devilish or trying to undermine community of believers, that sighting was confirmed ( corroborated witness)by another person, you were guilty.
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Legal Principle of Spectral Evidence
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Ultimately God controls ____.
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satan
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Satan doesn't have the power to ____ a visible saint or make them seem un-godlike or un-pious.
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misrepresent
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What does knowing what factors caused the Salem Witch Trials tell Hawthorne about 17th century Calvinism?
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It tells him that the axis between depravity and total sanctity is potentially explosive and dangerous. Human beings don’t work well on that axis. It scares them, makes them desperate. Population living on the edge. It was a tragedy waiting to happen, it just took the right social condtitions to bring them up.
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