E1 Unit 1 Communication And Meaning

Front 1

Communication

Back 1

One person (or more) sends and receives messages that are distorted by noise, occur within a context have some effect, and provide some opportunity for feedback.

Front 2

Elements of Human communication

Back 2

effect source-receiver messages noise channels

Front 3

Physical context

Back 3

tangible or concrete environment of communication *communicate differently in noisy crowd than quiet woods

Front 4

Social psychological context

Back 4

status relationships, rules and roles, friendliness, formality, seriousness *boyfriend vs friend vs parent

Front 5

temporal context

Back 5

time of day and time history *difficult to communicate during winter depression

Front 6

cultural context

Back 6

beliefs, values, and ways of behaving shared by a group *spain-touching behavior

Front 7

source

Back 7

person who encodes a message

Front 8

receiver

Back 8

person who decodes a message

Front 9

encoding

Back 9

putting message into form that can be understood by others

Front 10

decoding

Back 10

translating message from code

Front 11

channel

Back 11

medium through which messages are transmitted

Front 12

feedback

Back 12

messages sent back to speaker reacting to what is said

Front 13

turn requesting, turn yeilding, turn maintaining

Back 13

when you want to speak, raise hand, cough--look and acknowledge--not looking @ inturruptor

Front 14

channel

Back 14

medium through which messages are transmitted

Front 15

feedback

Back 15

messages sent back to speaker reacting to what is said

Front 16

leakage

Back 16

communicating without meaning to

Front 17

dimentions of feedback

Back 17

positive, negative- person focused, message focused - immediate, delayed- low monitoring, high monitoring - supportive, critical

Front 18

feedforward

Back 18

information you provide before sending your primary messages; reveals something about messages to come

Front 19

functions of feedforward

Back 19

opening channels of communication; previewing future messages; altercasting; disclaiming

Front 20

altercasting

Back 20

asking reciever to approach your message in a particular role (as a single mother...)

Front 21

types of noise

Back 21

physical, physiiological, psychological, semantic

Front 22

physical noise

Back 22

inference that is external to both speaker and listener (screeching cars, humming computer)

Front 23

physiological noise

Back 23

physical barriers withinthe speaker or listener (visual impairments, hearing loss)

Front 24

psychologicl noise

Back 24

cognitive or mental interference (biases, prejudices, close-mindedness)

Front 25

semantic nosie

Back 25

speaker and listener assigning different meanings(speaking different languages, use of jargon)

Front 26

transactional view of communication

Back 26

we are always both sources and receivers. ongoing and continuous. does not stop. not an event. you can leave a subject and come back to it another day

Front 27

communication is a "package of signals"

Back 27

face to face-many channels at once; verbal and nonverbal support each other; sometimes contradictory messages are sent

Front 28

mixed messages

Back 28

place received ina "double bind"

Front 29

communication is a process of adjustment

Back 29

no two people use identical signals; identify other persons signals; principle of adjustment is especially important in intercultural situations

Front 30

communication accommodation

Back 30

we adjust or accommodateto speaking style of listeners in order to gain a variety of benefits

Front 31

content message

Back 31

refers to something external to speaker and listener

Front 32

relationship message

Back 32

refers to relationship between partis

Front 33

punctuation

Back 33

how to continuous process of communication is divided into causes and effects (parents nag, child goes to room)

Front 34

objective

Back 34

independent of anybodys point of view

Front 35

subjective

Back 35

only from a persons point of views

Front 36

symmetrical relationships

Back 36

two individuals mirror each other's behavior

Front 37

complementary relationships

Back 37

two individuals engage in different behaviors and behavior of one serves as stimulus for complementary behavior of the other

Front 38

inevitable

Back 38

takes place even though one of the individuals does not think he or she is communicating or does not want to communicate

Front 39

irreversible

Back 39

process can only go in one direction

Front 40

unrepeatable

Back 40

can never recapture exact same situation that defined a previous communication act

Front 41

repair

Back 41

something goes wrong in communication andyou seek to fix it