Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the non-toxic goiters? (5)
- hyperthyroid, euthyroid, or hypothyroid? Toxic goiter's? (4) - "..." |
a) Simple or Colloid Goiter
b) Iodine Deficiency c) Goitrogens (substances blocking thyroid hormone synthesis) c) Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s) d) Non-toxic Multinodular Goiter - all eu or hypo a) diffuse toxic goiter (Graves) b) toxic multinodular goiter c) toxic adenoma d) subacute thyroiditis i) granulomatous (painful) ii) lymphocytic (silent) - all hyper |
|
|
What is the most common cause of goiter worldwide?
|
Iodine deficiency.
|
|
|
High titers of anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin)
Lymphocytic Infiltration of thyroid gland, fibrosis Firm, non-tender diffuse goiter (occasionally with nodules) May cause transient hyperthyroidism Tends to cause hypothyroidism over the longer term ... dz? |
AI thyroiditis (chronic lymphocyitc or Hashimoto's)
|
|
|
Probably due to a viral infection of the thyroid gland
Tender thyroid with moderate enlargement Tends to cause transient hyperthyroidism Thyroid function usually reverts to normal after 2-3 months .....dz? |
Granulomatous thyroiditis (deQuervain’s)
|
|
|
Multiple nodules on physical examination or ultrasound
Increased incidence with increasing age Familial occurrence Thyroid scan reveals multiple areas of increased and decreased uptake (heterogenous function). Thyroid function tests are normal (or sometimes, show borderline suppressed TSH). ....dz? |
non-toxic multinodular goiter
|
|
|
Which dz often shows an irregular pattern of hot and cold areas on thyroid scan?
|
multinodular goiter.
|
|
|
Putting aside whether it's important to find them in the first place, which method is more sensitive for finding thyroid nodules, palpation or ultrasonography?
|
US
|
|
|
What do being male, a hx of hematopoietic STT, and a hypofx nodule on radionuclide thyroid scan put you at risk for?
|
thyroid malignancy.
|
|
|
What should be done to work up a thyroid nodule?
|
Check TSH.
--> wnl / elevated + >1cm biopsy +<1cm follow --> suppressed, get RAIU + hyperfx = consider radio I tx |
|
|
What % of thyroid nodules are benign?
|
~95%
|
|
|
When given the following dz, tell which type of surgery is indicated:
- papillary carcinoma or minimally invasive follicular carcinoma <1.5cm - >1.5cm - invasive follicular carcinoma, hurthle cell carcinoma, or medullary carcinoma |
- ipsilateral lobectomy and isthmusectomy
+ follow w/ thyroid hormone replacement and observation - total thyroidectomy +/- node dissection + body I-131 scan: Tgb, High Dose I-131 tx. |
|
|
With radioiodine tx, are recurrances and mortality significantly decreased in stage II and III thyroid cancer?
|
yes.
|
|
|
What is Thyrogen and what is it approved for?
|
recombinant TSH
Approved for diagnostic use in post-RAI monitoring of thyroid cancer patients Recently approved for treatment of thyroid cancer Avoids 6-8 weeks of T4 withdrawal for achieving elevated TSH 2 successive IM injections (Day 1 & 2), dosing with I-123 on Day 3, Imaging Day 5, Thyroglobulin measurement on Day 5 Thyroglobulin concentration above 5 ng/ml suggests persistent cancer Abnormal concentration of radioiodine in imaging suggests persistent cancer |
|
|
What is the most common thyroid cancer?
The one with the best prog? |
Papillary carcinoma (both)
|
|
|
Where do thyroid cancer mets usually go?
|
lymph, lung, and bone.
|
