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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Name four techniques that can be used to image the oropharyngeal region
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ultrasound, videoendoscopy, fluroscopy, scintigraphy
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u
v f s |
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Ultrasound studies of the oral cavity have been used to: (3 things)
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1. observe tongue functon
2. measure oral transit times 3. motion of the hyoid bone |
1. function of:
2. measures _ transit time 3. motion of __ |
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Can ultrasound visualize the pharynx? y/n
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no, becuase the pharynx has a mis of tissue types
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Ultrasound looks only at ____ stage of degluttion
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oral, especially oral tongue function
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Videoendoscopy examines the _____ of the oral cavity and pharynx from _____ AND examines the phayrnx and larynx ______ and _____ swallowing
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anatomy
above before after |
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What does FEES stand for?
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Flexible fiberoptic examination of swallowing
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Endoscopy does NOT visualize the ____ stage of swallowing.
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oral
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Videoendoscopy makes it difficult to define the exact nature of a patient's ________ disorder and the _________ of treatment strategies
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physiologic
effectiveness |
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What is the advantage to videoendoscopy?
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no radiation exposure
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Videoendoscopy allows the clinician to observe: (3 things)
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vocal folds
assess oropharyneal anatomy assess pt's ability to use airway closure maneuvers |
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What is the supraglottic swallow?
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easy breath hold
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What is the super-supraglottic swallow?
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effortful breath hold
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What is a major disadvantage to cineflourography? (two things)
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Requires more radiation exposure than videofloroscopy and requires film development (no immediate feedback)
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Videofluoroscopic studies provide information on: (4 things)
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bolus transit times
mobility problems amount of aspiration etiology of aspiration |
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Videofluoroscopy enbales visualization of (3 things)
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oral activity during chewing and the oral stage of swallowing
the triggering of the pharyngeal swallow in relation to position of the bolus the motor aspects of the pharyngeal wall, including movements of the larynx, hyoid, tongue base, pharyngeal walls, and cricopharyngeal region |
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Videofluoroscopy does NOT enable measurement of:
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pressures generated during swallowing
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Videofluoroscopy DOES enable an indirect observation of:
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pressure through the speed of movement of the bolus in relation to structural motion
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The lateral radiographic view is used initially to assess: (2 things)
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transit times or speed and efficiency of bolus movement
better observation of aspiration |
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What is another name for the radiographic study?
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modified barium swallow
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A MBS determines:
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WHY a person aspirates
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Strategies implemented after dx include:
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changes in head or body posture
heightening sensory input prior to swallow swallowing tx techniques designed to change specific aspects of swallow physiology |
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Scintigraphy is
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a nucleur medicine test in which the patient swallows measured amounts of radioactive substance
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Scintigraphy measures
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the amount of aspiration and residue
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Scintigraphy does NOT allow the clinician to visualize
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the physiology of the mouth and pharynx (can't pinpoint the etiology)
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Scintigraphy can be dianogstic for:
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esophageal aspects of swallowing, esp. gastrosesophageal reflux disease
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How often is the patient scanned when using scinitgraphy?
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15 to 30 minutes for several hours
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Manometry is
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the pressure generated at specific locations in the pharynx
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Electromyography is
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amount of electrical energy genreated by muscle contractions
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Name two types of nonimaging procedures
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manometry
electromyography |
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Surface electromyography records infromation from
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the muscles of the floor of the mouth
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What is the Mendelsohn maneuver and what is it designed to improve?
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burping; designed to improve the extent and duration of laryngeal elevation during the swallow which improves the duration and width of the ues during swallow
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What does electroglottography (EGG) track?
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vocal fold movement; it records the imedance changes as the vocal folds move toward and away from each other during phonation;
it also tracks laryngeal elevation |
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Define Valsalva
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effortful bearing down with a breath hold
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What are normal transit times for the esophagus
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8-20+
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What are the three places for the pharyngeal manometry?
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base of tongue
UES in the cervical esophagus |
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What is the best instrumental procedure to understand pharyngeal anatomy (ie in the case of a postsurgical oropharyngeal cancer patient)?
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rigid videoendoscopy
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What is the best instrumental procedure for defining the PRESENCE (not cause) of aspiration of saliva?
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FEES or flexible fiberoptic videoendoscopy
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What is the best instrumental procedure for understanding pharyngeal physiology in relation to symptoms such as aspiration?
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videofluoroscopy
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What is the best instrumental procedure for finding the pressure generated during swallow?
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The pharyngeal manometry in combonation with videofluoroscy
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