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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychoactive vs non- psychoactive
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Alters mood- ( depress, hallucinate, stimulate, remove pain)
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Drug Use Causes Three Major Simultaneous Changes in the User
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1. Feeling rewarded or satisfied from social pressures that have become postponed, momentarily rectified, or neutralized and defined as nonproblematic.2. Pharmacologically, the nonmedical use of most drugs, alters body chemistry largely by interfering with (affecting) its proper (homeostatic) functioning. Drugs enhance, slow down, or distort the reception and transmission of signals.
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Q: What is a drug?
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A: Any substance that modifies (enhances, inhibits, or distorts) mind and/or body functioning
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Q: What is a psychoactive drug?
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A: Drug compounds (substances) that affectthe central nervous system and/or alterconsciousness and/or perceptions
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Licit |
(Legal): Examples may include coffee, tea, alcohol, tobacco, and over-the-counter drugs. |
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Illicit |
(Illegal): Examples may include marijuana, cocaine, and LSD. |
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Major CATEGORIES OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS |
Stimulants Depressants Narcotics Opiates, morphine, oxycontin Hallucinogens/psychedelics: LSD, mescaline, peyote, and psilocybin (“magic mushrooms”) |
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Drug Misuse |
Drug misuse is the unintentional or inappropriate use of prescribed or over-the-counter (OTC) types of drugs. |
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Six Examples of Drug Misuse |
-Taking more drugs than prescribed -Using OTC or psychoactive drugs in excess without medical supervision -Mixing drugs with alcohol or other types of drugs -Using old medicines to self-treat new symptoms of an illness -Discontinuing prescribed drugs at will and/or against physician’s orders -Administering prescribed drugs to a family member without medical consultation and supervision |
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Drug abuse |
-is the willful misuse of either licit or illicit drugs for the purpose of recreation, perceived necessity, or convenience.
-refers to a more intense misuse of drugs—often to the point of addiction.Also known as chemical or substance abuse. |
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Erich Goode’s Four Types of Drug Use |
-Legal instrumental use: Taking prescribed drugs or OTC drugs to relieve or treat mental or physical symptoms -Legal recreational use: Using licit drugs like tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine to achieve a certain mental state -Illegal instrumental use: Taking non-prescribed drugs to achieve a task or goal -Illegal recreational use: Taking illicit drugs for fun or pleasure |
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National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2008 |
205 million Americans used alcohol during their lifetime 162.5 million Americans used cigarettes 117 million Americans used any illicit drug(s)Most commonly used illicit drugs (lifetime use):41% used marijuana 6.1% used in last month 20.8% used nonmedical use of any psychotherapeutics, such as, pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives (does not include OTC drugs) 14.7% used cocaine 14.4% used hallucinogens 14% used pain relievers |
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Three Types of Drug Users |
=Experimenters: Begin using drugs largely because of peer pressure and curiosity, and they confine their use to recreational settings =Compulsive users: Devote considerable time and energy into getting high, talk incessantly (sometimes exclusively) about drug use, and become connoisseurs of street drugs =Floaters or “chippers”: Focus more on using other people’s drugs without maintaining as much of a personal supply |
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Drug Addiction |
Both physical and psychological factors precipitatedrug dependence: |
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Physical dependence |
refers to the need to continue taking the drug to avoid withdrawal symptoms, which often include feelings of discomfort and illness. |
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Psychological dependence |
refers to the need that a user may psychologically feel for continued use of a drug in order to experience its effects and/or relieve withdrawal symptoms. |
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Stages of Drug Dependence |
Relief: Satisfaction from negative feelings in using the drugTolerance: Involves taking greater quantities of the drug Preoccupation: Consists of a constant concern with the substance Dependency: A synonym for addiction, is when more of the drug is sought despite the presence of physical symptoms Withdrawal: The physical and/or psychological effects from not using the drugs |
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Structural Analogs |
a new molecular species created by modifying the basic molecular skeleton of a compound |
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ethanol |
the pharamlogical term for alcohol |
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insiders |
those who aprove of and/or use drugs |
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addiction |
addiction |
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proccupation phase |
constant concern with the supply of a drug |
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synonym for addiction |
dependency phase
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opiates |
drugs derived from opium
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employment assistance programs |
coursed to help drug dependant employees (EAP) |
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withdrawal symptoms |
results when a drug is absent from the body nausea perspiration boredom anxiety and muscle spasm |
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outsiders |
those who do not approve of or use drugs
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needle exchange |
publicly funded program distribute new uncontaminated needles |
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OTC |
drugs sold without prescriptions |
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Licit drugs |
legalized drugs coffee tobacco alcohol |
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experimenters |
first category of drug users experimental social setting recreational |
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compulsive users |
second category of drug users constant concern of supply street drug connoisseurs insatiable attraction followed by psychological dependence |
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increased use phase |
taking larger quantities of the drug |
