Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Neisseria - morphology
|
Gram Neg Diplococci
Intra and Extra cellular Coffee Bean Shape |
|
|
What culture does Neisseria use to grow?
|
Fastideous (enriched)
High [CO2] Chocolate Agar (NOT Sheep Blood Agar) |
|
|
Neisseria are Oxidase ... + or -?
|
Oxidase +
|
|
|
Neisseria do or don't ferment?
|
Neisseria do NOT ferment
|
|
|
Clinical presentation of an infection with Neisseria gonorrhea?
|
-Prulent discharge
-Gram Neg diplococci are found on gram stain of discharge -Dysuria -Frequency |
|
|
What is 'the clap'?
|
Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection that results in dysuria
|
|
|
In a female, can you diagnose Neisseria infection based on gram stain of discharge? What about a male?
|
Females = require a confirmatory culture d/t normal flora present
Males = can diagnose with gram stain of discharge only |
|
|
Lab Diagnosis of Neisseria via...
|
Gram Stain
Nucleic acid amplification test (tests for N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis at once) |
|
|
Incidence of N. gonorrhoeae infection?
|
Females >> Males
Lower incidence in WV More prevalent in SE and Mid-West Regions of US |
|
|
Sites of Infection for Neisseria gonorrhoeae?
|
Urethritis
Cervicitis Proctitis Pharyngitis Conjunctivitis Epididymitis PID Arthritis |
|
|
Pathogenesis of N. gonorrhoeae?
|
Sexual contact with infected mucosal tissues --> Pili attach --> invade mucous membranes (Non-Ciliated Columnar Epithelial cells) --> lysis of cells --> inflammatory response --> Acute suppuration
-Females = uterine tubes may be affected -Males = Epididymus may be affected -SEVERE infection = enters blood stream --> invades joints! |
|
|
Is there protective immunity for N. gonorrhoeae?
|
NO
Pili and OMPs cause too many variations |
|
|
Brisk inflammatory response to N gonorrhoeae -->
|
Dysuria
Discharge |
|
|
Virulence factors of N gonorrhoeae
|
-Pili
-LOS: Lipooligosaccharide -OMP (outer membrane proteins) = OMP I, OMP II, OMP III -IgA1 protease -NO CAPSULE present |
|
|
OMP I (of N gonorrhoeae) causes...
|
resistance of serum killing once engulfed by PMNs
-Porin protein with OMP III |
|
|
OMP II (of N gonorrhoeae) causes....
|
opacity.
Opacity protein --> if it is absent --> more disseminated infection |
|
|
OMP III (of N gonorrhoeae) causes...
|
IgG formation from Ab's and interrupted intracellular killing
|
|
|
Tx of N gonorrhoeae infection?
|
-Ceftriaxone
-contact tracing -treatment of partners |
|
|
Px of N gonorrhoeae infection?
|
Screen Asx pts
Safer sexual practices (abstinence, monogamous relationship, use of condom) |
|
|
What is the unique life cycle of Chlamydia species?
|
Elementary Body = infectious/non-replicating
-how Chlamydia is phagocytized --> avoid lysosomal fusion Reticulate Body = non-infectious/replicating -while in the cell, convert to reticulate bodies --> metabolically active and replicate --> convert back to elementary bodies and lyse the cell to be released to initiate a new infection |
|
|
What is the #1 cause of blindness worldwide?
What strains of Chlamydia cause this disease? |
Blinding trachoma
Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis A, B, C strains |
|
|
Chlamydia Strains A, B, C are found where?
Strains D-K? Strains L1, L2, L3? |
A-C: Middle East, North Africa, and Northern India
D-K: US (may be elsewhere too, but common Chlamydia in US) L1-L3: Asia, Africa, S. America, Caribbean |
|
|
Tx of Chlamydia infection?
|
Tetracyclines
|
|
|
How is Blinding trachoma developed?
|
Chronic Keratoconjunctivitis develops (d/t no treatment) --> Conjunctival and Corneal scarring --> Blindness
|
|
|
Common diseases associated with Chlamydia Strains D-K?
|
-Non-gonococcal urethritis
-Reiter's syndrome (conjunctivitis, urethritis, arthritis) -Proctitis -Mucopurulent Cervicitis -Salpingitis -PID -Neonatal Conjunctivitis -Infant Pneumonia |
|
|
Common disease associated with Chlamydia Strains L1-L3?
|
Lymphgranuloma vernerum
|
|
|
Complications for women infected with STDs?
|
-PID (<24 yo)
PID causes = infertility, chronic pelvic pain, ectopic preg -Cervical Cancer (HPV infection) -Spontaneous Abortion -Premature Labor -Congenital/Neonatal Infection of Newborns (TORCH) |
