Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the normal RBC count for a male?
|
4.7-6.1 million cells/mcL
|
|
|
What is the normal RBC count for a female?
|
4.2-5.4 million cells/mcL
|
|
|
What does Hct stand for?
|
Hct = hematocrit, ratio of how many formed elements (RBC, WBC) of blood vs. liquid element of blood
|
|
|
What does Hb stand for?
|
Hemoglobin - how much hemoglobin there is in the blood
|
|
|
How much of the blood does Hct/Hb make up? In males? Females?
|
33-44%; males 13.5 -17.5 gm/dL, females 11.8-15.5 gm/dL
|
|
|
What is MCV? What does it reflect? What is the normal level?
|
Mean corpuscular volume, reflects size of blood cell. 80-100 fl (femtolitres, 10^-15)
|
|
|
What do MCH and MCHC reflect? What is the normal level of each?
|
Hemoglobin content of RBC. MCH: 27-31 picogram/cell (picogram = 10^-12), MCHC: 32-36 g/dl (19-22 mmol/L)
|
|
|
What RBC measures are use to diagnose types of anemia?
|
MCV, MCH, MCHC
|
|
|
Which anemias show a decrease in MCV?
|
Microcytic - 1) iron deficiency (inadequate dietary intake, GI blood loss, menstrual blood loss) 2) thalassemia 3) chronic disease 4) GI cancer
|
|
|
Which anemias show an increase in MCV?
|
Macrocytic (MCV up to 150fL) - 1) Hemolytic anemia (presence of reticulocytes increases MCV) 2) pernicious anemia 3) alcoholism 4) Vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency
|
|
|
What diseases cause a decrease in MCH?
|
Microcytic anemias - iron defiency anemia
|
|
|
What diseases cause a decrease in MCHC?
|
Microcytic anemias = hypochromic, paler,because there isn't enough hemoglobin.
|
|
|
What diseases cause an increase in MCHC?
|
Macrocytic anemia (color remains normochromic)
|
|
|
What ratios of Hct/Hb = regular? Polycythemia? Dehydration?
|
33%, 50%, 50%
|
|
|
How much hemoglobin should you have, regardless of age or sex?
|
12-18 gm/dL
|
|
|
What is the normal Hct/Hb ratio? What patients should you NOT treat, unless in an emergency?
|
~3:1. Patient with Hct <30%, Hb < 10 gm/dL
|
|
|
What diseases INCREASE RBC?
|
People Die of Tissue hypoxia and CROPs
Pulmonary disease Dehydration Tissue hypoxia Congenital heart disease Renal problems Over-transfusion of whole blood Polycythemia vera |
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Pulmonary disease |
Increase
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Dehydration |
Increase
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Tissue hypoxia |
Increase
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Congenital heart disease |
Increase
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Renal problems |
Increase
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Overtransfusion of whole blood |
Increase
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Polycythemia vera |
Increase
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Trauma burns |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Pregnancy |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Hemolytic anemia |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Hemorrhagic infections |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
GI or other vascular bleed |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Iron deficiency anemia |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
B12 or folate deficiency |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Bone marrow damage |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Metabolic disorders |
Decrease
|
|
|
Increase or decrease RBC?
Chronic inflammation |
Decrease
|
|
|
|
|
