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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia?
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Niacin (nicotinic acid), Fibrates, Bile acid binding resins, Probucol, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
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What is the most potent antihyperlipidemic agent for raising plasma HDL?
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Niacin
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How does Niacin work?
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- inhibits lipolysis
- decreases liver triacylglycerol synthesis - helps break down thrombosis |
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Which water soluble vitamin can be used to treat hyperlipidemia?
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Niacin
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What are the side effects of Niacin?
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- flushing
- itching - hyperuricemia - gout - impaired glucose tolerance - hepatoxicity |
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What are the fibrate drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia?
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Clofibrate and Gemfibrozil
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Have 'fib' in name
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How do the fibrate drugs work?
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- stimulate lipoprotein lipase activity
- hasten removal of VLDL from plasma |
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When are fibrate drugs contraindicated?
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- hepatic or renal dysfunction
- gall bladder disease - pts on coumarin |
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What are the bile acid binding resin drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia?
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Cholestyramine and Colestipol
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Names start with 'cholest-'
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How do bile acid binding resins work?
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- prevent reabsorption of LDL from intestines
- causes liver to uptake LDL |
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Which drugs interact negatively with the bile acid binding resins?
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- tetracycline
- phenobarbital - digoxin - warfarin - statins - aspirin - thiazide diuretics |
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What is the most dangerous side effect of bile acid binding resins?
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impaired absorption of vitamins
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How does Probucol treat hyperlipidemia?
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inhibits oxidation of LDL (prevents plaque formation)
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What is the most dangerous side effect of Probucol?
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prolongs the QT interval
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Which drugs interact negatively with Probucol?
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- digoxin
- quididine - sotalol - astemizole - terfenadine |
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Which antihyperlipidemic drug is contraindicated in pregnancy?
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Probucol
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What are the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors used to treat hyperlipidemia?
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Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Aimvastatin, Fluvastatin
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Names end in 'statin'
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How do the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors work?
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- inhibit action of HMG-CoA reductase, the rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis
- increase cholesterol catabolism |
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What is the most dangerous drug side effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?
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increase coumarin levels
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What are the best drugs to treat hyperlipidemia?
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HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins)
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Which types of patients should not take HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?
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- pregnant and breastfeeding
- children and teenagers - those with liver disease |
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What is the optimal LDL?
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less than 100
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What is the optimal HDL?
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40-60
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What is the desirable total cholesterol?
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less than 200
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