Drugs That Affect Urinary Output

Front 1

What are the two main purposes of diuretics?

Back 1

decrease HTN
Decrease edema in CHF

Front 2

Action of diuretics

Back 2

Inhibiting sodium and water re absorption in nephron tubules

Front 3

Classifications of diuretics

Back 3

Thiazides
Loop
K Sparing
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Osmotic

Front 4

Main use for Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Back 4

Decrease formation of aqueous humor in the eye
Treats glaucoma

Sometimes used as anti seizure med

Front 5

gleich

Back 5

right away, similar, identical

Front 6

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors treat...

Back 6

Glaucoma
Edema
Epilepsy
High Altitude sickness
heart failure

Front 7

Side effects of Carbonic anhydrase Inhibitors

Back 7

Metablic acidosis
anorexia
hematuria
photosensitivity
drowsiness
paresthesias
urticaria
melena

Front 8

Important drugs for Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Back 8

Acetazolamide (Diamox)
Dorzolamide (Truspot)
Ocular stinging, bitter taste

Front 9

Action of Loop Diuretics

Back 9

Act directly on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (inhibit Na and Cl resorption)
Increase renal prostaglandins (dilation of blood vessels)

Front 10

Loop diuretics deplete which electrolyte?

Back 10

Potassium

Front 11

Important drugs for Loop diuretics

Back 11

Bumetanide (Bumex)
Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)
Furosemide (Lasix)***
Torsemide (Demadex)

Front 12

CNS side effects of Loop Diuretics

Back 12

Dizziness, HA, tinnitus, blurred vision

Front 13

GI side effects of Loop Diuretics

Back 13

Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea

Front 14

Hematologic effects of Loop Diuretics

Back 14

Angranulocytosis, Neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia

Front 15

Metabolic side effects of Loop Diuretics

Back 15

Hypokalemia, Hyperglycemia, Hyperuricemia, Hypercalcemia

Front 16

How should a client take their Loop Diuretic?

Back 16

In the morning to avoid voiding at night
Increase intake of potassium rich foods

Front 17

Action of Osmotic diuretics

Back 17

Works in the proximal tubule. Pulls water into the blood vessels and nephrons from the surrounding tissues

Front 18

Uses for Osmotic Diuretics

Back 18

Maintain UOP and prevent ARF in conditions such as show
Reduce ICP caused by cerebral edema
Reduce IOP
Eliminate toxins through the kidney

Front 19

Important drug for Osmotic Diuretics (Only one)

Back 19

Mannitol (Osmitrol)

Front 20

Adverse effects of Osmotic Diuretics

Back 20

Convulsions
Thrombophlebitis
Pulmonary congestion
Precipitate CHF
HA, chest pains, tachycardia, blurred vision, chills, and fever

Front 21

What needle should you use to infuse Osmotic diuretics?

Back 21

Filter needle and inline filter on iv set

Front 22

Action of Potassium Sparing Diuretics

Back 22

Primarily on distal tubule
Blocks action of aldosterone on the DT
Inhibits exchange of Na and K in tubules
Na is eliminated and K is retained

Front 23

Important drugs for Potassium Sparing Diuretics

Back 23

Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Triamterene (Dyrenium)
Amiloride (Midamor)

Front 24

Action of Thiazide Diuretics

Back 24

Inhibit tubular resporption of sodium and Cl ions to excrete WATER, SODIUM, and CHLORIDE
and POTASSIUM to a lesser extent

Dilates arterioles by direct relaxation

Front 25

Important Thiazide Diuretics

Back 25

hydrochlorothiazide
chlorothiazide
trichlormethiazide

Front 26

Important Thiazide Like Diuretics

Back 26

Chlorthalidone
metolazone

Front 27

What are Thiazide Diuretics mostly used for?

Back 27

HTN

Front 28

What should patients taking Thiazide Diuretics avoid excessive consumption of?

Back 28

Licorice

Front 29

How should patients take Diuretics in general?

Back 29

Take in the morning as much as possible
Potassium supplements are usually not recommended when potassium levels are great than 3
Notify physician if they experience fast HR or syncope
Report a weight gain of two or more lbs a day or more than 5 lbs a week

Front 30

Which foods are high in Potassium?

Back 30

bananas, oranges, dates, raisins, plums, fresh veggies, potatoes, meat, fish