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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Clindamycin
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Class: Ribosome Inhibitor Antibiotic - Inhibits 50S Peptidyl Transferase @ A&P site
Mechanism: Inhibits peptide bond formation Selective toxicity: Does not bind our larger ribosomal subunit Fights: Gram positive cocci (Strep pneumo, group A Strep, Staph aureus) Toxicity: Pseudomembranous collitis |
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Linezolid
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Class: Ribosome Inhibitor
Mechanism: Blocks movement of fMet tRNA into 50S P site; binds 50S ribosome; bacteriostatic Toxicity: Bone marrow suppression with long term use Selective toxicity: does not bind to our larger ribosomal subunit Fights: Worst of the worst resistant gram positive organisms, VRE, MRSA, PCN resistant Strep pneumo |
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Macrolides (Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin)
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Class: Ribosome Inhibitor
Mechanism: Binds 50S ribosome, blockage of 50S peptide exit tunnel Selective toxicity: do not bind our larger ribosomal subunit Fights: Atypicals mycoplasma pneumonia, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophilia, penicillin allergy strep pneumo, group A stretococcus Toxicity: Safest of all antibiotics Cool fact: penetrates macrophages! |
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quinolones targets of action
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Inhibition of prokaryote type II topoisomerases
DNA gyrase (relaxes positive supercoils) and topoisomerase IV (deconcatenates daughter genome) |
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target of fluoroquinolones in gram negative
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Gram negative bacteria gyrase is most suseptible
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target of fluorquinolones in gram positive
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Gram positive bacteria, topo IV is the most suseptible
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fluoroquinolones - mechanisms of resistance
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mutations in gyrase or topo IV, active effleux, or (rare but interesting) plasmid-mediated resistance
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Fluoroquinolones spectrum of activity
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mostly gram negatives, with fourth generation (moxifloxacin) having increased function against gram positives and anaerobes
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Ciprofloxacin
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Pharmacokinetics: mostly Phase I enzymes, interferes with theophylline metabolism
beware of CNS toxicity: hallucinations, depression and seizures |
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Moxifloxacin
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Pharmacokinetics: mostly phase II enzmyes
do not need to adjust renal dose beware of CNS toxicity: hallucinations, depression and seizures |
