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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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l-DOPA
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Mechanism: partial replacement for Parkinson's forebrain dopamine deficiency
Clinical Use: Parkinson's Side Effects: fluctuating response and movement disorder after 2 yrs of use due to pharmacodynamic changes, visual hallucinations and paranoid psychosis |
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Carbidopa
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Mechanism: Inhibits DOPA decarboxyolase in periphery -> reduced peripheral side effects of L-DOPA
Clinical Use: Parkinson's |
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COMT inhibitors
-Tolcapone -Entacapone |
Mechanism: COMT inhibitors -> increased L-DOPA availability
Clinical Use: Parkinson's Side Effects: increased l-DOPA actions (dyskinesia, psychosis), fatal hepatic necrosis |
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Bromocriptine
Pergolide |
Mechanism: D2 agonist and bromocriptine is partial D1 antagonism and pergolide is weak D1 agonist
Clinical Use: Parkinson's Side Effects: nausea, hypotension, somnolence, hallucination pergolide -> cardiac valve thickening |
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Pramipexole
Ropinirole |
Mechanism: highly selectie for D2 family (D2, D3, D4)
Clinical Use: early Parkinson's, late combined with l-DOPA/carbidopa Side effects: same as non-selective agonists |
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Amantadine
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Mechanism: increases DA release
Clinical Use: early Parkinson's esp. tremor, suppresses drug induced dyskinesia Side Effects: well tolerated, confusion in elderly |
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Benztropine
Trihexiphenydil |
Mechanism: Anticholinergics
Clinical Use: early Parkinson's symptoms esp. tremor Side Effects: typical anticholinergic signs (mydriasis, constipation, dry mouth, memory loss, confusion) |
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Selegiline
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Mechanism: selective MAO-B inhibitor
Clinical Use: used with l-DOPA in Parkinson's if declining or irregular respons to l-DOPA; slows the rate of clinical progression in early Parkinson's |
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Baclofen
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Mechanism: GABA-B agonist
Clinical Use: spasticity |
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Benzodiazepines
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Mechanism: GABA-A agonist
Clinical Use: spasticity, tremor |
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Tizanidine
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Mechanism: alpha antagonist
Clinical Use: spasticity |
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Classical and Atypical Neuroleptics
-Chlorpromazine -Clozapine |
Mechanism: block D2 family
Clinical Use: hyperkinetic-rigid symptoms, tics Side Effects: Tardive Dyskinesia (not with clozapine which can actually depress movements with TD) |
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5-hydroxytryptophan
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Mechanism: precursor of serotonin
Clinical Use: ataxia, myoclonus (w/ carbidopa) |
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Primidone (Mysoline)
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Tremor
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Propranolol
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non-selective beta antagonist
low doses for essential tremor |
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Botox
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Mechanism: inhibits ACh release
Clinical Use: Dystonia, spasticity |
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Penicillamine
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Copper chelating agent for Wilson's disease movement disorders
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