Drugs For Htn Urgency/emergency

Front 1

Prazosin is this kind of drug.

Back 1

Alpha 1 selective reversible antagonist

Front 2

Terazosin is this kind of drug.

Back 2

Alpha 1 selective reversible antagonist

Front 3

Doxazosin is this kind of drug.

Back 3

Alpha 1 selective reversible antagonist

Front 4

Tamsulosin, alfuzosin and silodosin are alpha 1 selective reversible antagonists not used for primary HTN, but are indicated for ______________ and _____________.

Back 4

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Raynaud's Disease

Front 5

Where are a1 receptors found? (four locations)

Back 5

Arterial smooth muscle, prostatic smooth muscle, trigone, venous smooth muscle

Front 6

True or false: alpha 1 blockers prevent vasoconstriction in both arteries and veins.

Back 6

True

Front 7

This class of drugs can cause reflex tachycardia, reflex Na+ and water retention through the RAAS.

Back 7

Alpha 1 blockers

Front 8

Reversible alpha 1 antagonists are used as a 1st/2nd line treatment for primary HTN.

Back 8

Second

Front 9

________________ is a severe side effect of alpha 1 antagonists, especially with the first dose. Therefore, this drug should be given at bedtime.

Back 9

Orthostatic hypotension

Front 10

The edema caused by alpha 1 antagonists' effect on NaCl and H2O retention by the kidneys can be counteracted with ______________.

Back 10

Diuretics

Front 11

Phentolamine is this kind of drug.

Back 11

Non-selective, reversible alpha antagonist

Front 12

Phenoxybenzamine is this kind of drug.

Back 12

Non-selective, irreversible alpha antagonist

Front 13

Phenoxybenzamine is used to treat HTN associated with ______________________.

Back 13

Pheochromocytoma, which releases a lot of catecholamines.

Front 14

Labetalol is this kind of drug.

Back 14

Alpha AND beta blocker

Front 15

Carvedilol is this kind of drug.

Back 15

Alpha AND beta blocker

Front 16

Labetalol should be avoided in patients with ________________. (list five)

Back 16

Asthma, COPD, HF, severe bradycardia or >1st degree heart block.

Front 17

Methyldopa is this kind of drug.

Back 17

Centrally acting alpha 2 antagonist

Front 18

Clonidine is this kind of drug.

Back 18

Centrally acting alpha 2 antagonist

Front 19

This class of drug is used to treat HTN urgency/emergency, and acts on the CNS, crossing the blood brain barrier to affect a 2 receptors on the brain and therefore decrease sympathetic outflow.

Back 19

Centrally acting alpha 2 antagonistts.

Front 20

This drug is used to treat hypertension in pregnant women.

Back 20

Methyldopa

Front 21

Adverse effects of this class of drug can include sedation/depression and sexual dysfunction. In addition, abrupt withdrawal can lead to hypertensive crisis, even if a single dose is missed.

Back 21

Alpha 2 centrally acting antagonists

Front 22

Hydralazine is this kind of drug.

Back 22

Direct vasodilator

Front 23

Minoxidil is this kind of drug.

Back 23

Direct vasodilator

Front 24

Fenoldopam is this kind of drug.

Back 24

Direct vasodilator

Front 25

This direct vasodilator is used in combination with a nitrate in African Americans who are unresponsive to an ACEI.

Back 25

Hydralazine

Front 26

The oral preparation of this drug is used in combination with minoxidil to treat chronic hypertension.

Back 26

Hydralazine

Front 27

IV ___________ is used to treat hypertensive emergencies in pregnant women.

Back 27

Hydralazine

Front 28

Hydralazine selectively dilates arterioles/venules.

Back 28

Arterioles

Front 29

This direct vasodilator activates K+ channels on arterial smooth muscle, stabilizing the membrane at resting potential and making smooth muscle contraction less likely.

Back 29

Minoxidil

Front 30

Adverse effects of this drug include excessive vasodilation and hypotension.

Back 30

Minoxidil

Front 31

This drug can cause lupus like syndrome (fever, athralgia and skin rashes)

Back 31

Hydralazine

Front 32

This drug is useful in hypertensive emergencies in patients with renal insufficiency.

Back 32

Fenodopam

Front 33

This direct vasodilator activates D1 dopamine receptors, causing vasodilation in peripheral arteries and renal afferent/efferent arterioles

Back 33

Fenoldopam

Front 34

This direct vasodilator acts by releasing nitrous oxide to dilate arteries and veins.

Back 34

Nitroprusside

Front 35

This is THE most effective IV drug for hypertensive emergencies in non-pregnant patients.

Back 35

Nitroprusside

Front 36

This drug can cause cyanide toxicity with chronic infusion (5 molecules cyanide per molecule drug), and therefore should only be given transiently and with precautions taken to keep the drug from breaking down.

Back 36

Nitroprusside

Front 37

This drug can be used to combat cyanide toxicity induced by nitroprusside.

Back 37

Thiosulfate

Front 38

Aside from thiosulfate, this drug can also be used to prevent CN toxicity.

Back 38

Hydrocobalamin

Front 39

Direct vasodilators can be combined with a ___________ to prevent reflex tachycardia and limit fluid retention from resulting dilation.

Back 39

Beta blockers

Front 40

Guanethidine Guanedrel is this kind of drug.

Back 40

Adrenergic Neuron Blocking Agent

Front 41

Reserpine is this kind of drug.

Back 41

Adrenergic Neuron Blocking Agent

Front 42

This drug acts by preventing uptake and storage of amines in vesicles, therefore depleting NE, dopamine and serotonin in central and peripheral neurons.

Back 42

Reserpine

Front 43

This class of drug is associated with marked postural hypotension, sedation, severe depression, diarrhea and impaired ejaculation.

Back 43

Adrenergic Neuron Blocking Agents