Drugs For Degenerative Diseases Of The Nervous System

Front 1

Dopaminergic Drugs

Back 1

Levodopa (L-dopa)

Amantadine (Symmetrol)

Bromocriptine (Parlodel)

Carbidopa- levodopa (Sinemet)

Front 2

Dopaminergic drug actions

Back 2

restoring dopamine function and blocking acetylcholine

Front 3

Dopaminergic drug adverse reactions

Back 3

Anorexia, involuntary movements, dizziness, confusion, anxiety, HA, N/V, MI, depression, suicide ideations, orthostatic hypotension

Front 4

Dopaminergic drug nursing implications

Back 4

Do not stop abruptly; can cause parkinsonism crisis

Do not use in glaucoma pts.

Do not use in acute psychosis

Many drug interactions

Take on an empty stomach

Urine or sweat may darken

Front 5

Dopaminergic drug nursing implications continued

Back 5

Prevent constipation

Monitor for muscle twitching and unusual eye winking (sign of tox)

Avoid meals high in protein

Avoid multivitamins

Front 6

Anticholinergics for Parkinsonism

Back 6

benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)

trihexyphenidyl HCl (Artane)

Front 7

Anticholinergics for Parkinson's Adverse Reactions

Back 7

Sedation, drowsiness, hypotension, cardio collapse.

Generalized side effects (The same as all Anticholinergics)

Dry mouth, blurred vision, tachycardia, urine retention, constipation, paralytic ileus

Front 8

5 A's to Alzheimer's Diagnosis

Back 8

Anomia - inability to remember names

Apraxia - misuse of objects because of failure to identify them

Agnosia - inability to recognize familiar objects, tastes, sounds, and other sensations

Aphasia - inability to express oneself through speech

Amnesia - memory loss (poor judgment, concentration, attention)

Front 9

Acetylcholineresterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease do what?

Back 9

Inhibit the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine; allowing acetylcholine to work longer

Front 10

The 3 goals of pharmacotherapy for AD are:

Back 10

Improved function in:

1. ADLs

2. Behavior

3. Cognition

Front 11

Acetylcholineresterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease

Back 11

Donepezil HCl (Aricpet)

Rivastigmine tartrate (Exelon)

Galantamine (Razadyne)

Tacrine (Cognex)

Front 12

Acetylcholineresterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease Antidote?

Back 12

Atropine! (an anticholinergic!!!!)

Front 13

Acetylcholineresterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease Adverse Reactions

Back 13

Vomiting, diarrhea, dark urine, HA, depression, muscle cramps, chest pain, urinary incontinence.

Cognex is hepatotoxic!

Front 14

Acetylcholineresterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease Nursing Implications

Back 14

Give at bedtime regularly

Interaction with anticholinergics

Many other drug interactions

Check Liver panel with Cognex

Front 15

First line Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis

Back 15

Immunomodulators:

glatiramer (Copaxone)

Interferon beta-1a (Avonex, Rebif)

Interferon beta-1b (Betaseron, Extavia)

Natalizumab (Tysabri)

Fingolimod (Gilenya)

Teriflunomide (Aubagio)

Front 16

Immunomodulators for MS adverse reactions

Back 16

Dizziness, HA, weakness, confusion, anxiety, depression, conjunctivits, itching, N/V, constipation, diarrhea, sexual dysfunction, sweating, menstrual disorders, neutropenia, flulike symtoms, spasticity, pain, reaction at injection site.

Seizures, anaphylaxis, hepatotoxicity, spontaneous abortion, severe skin reactions (teriflunomide), teratogenicity (teriflunomide)

Front 17

Immunosuppressants for MS

Back 17

Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)

Adverse Reactions:

N/V, fever, mouth sores, diarrhea, hair loss, anemia, increased susceptibility to infection

Cardiotoxicity, dysrhythmia, shortness of breath

Front 18

Potassium Channel Blockers for MS

Back 18

dalfampridine (Ampyra)

Adverse Reactions:

Confusion, memory loss, seizures