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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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procoagulants
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thromboxane
thrombin activated platelets platelet factor 4 |
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anticoagulants
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heparan sulfate
prostacyclin nitric oxide antithrombin |
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mechanism of aspirin
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irreversibly inhihbits platelet cyclooxygenase and prevents formation of thromboxane from arachidonic acid
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mechanism of clopidogrel and ticlopidine
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block P2Y receptors for ADP and increase cAMP => prevents clotting
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dipyridamole
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inhibits platelet phosophodiesterase and prevents breakdown of cAMP
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eptifibatide
abciximab tirofiban |
block GpIIb-IIIa receptor for fibrinogen on platelets and prevent platelet aggregation
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contraindications for aspirin
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vitamin K deficiency
hemophilia of any type hypoprothrombinemia ** pregnancy and childbirth |
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Which two antiplatelet drugs can be used in combination with aspirin?
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clopidogrel
ticlopidine |
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heparan sulfate
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- similar to heparin but less polymerized
- found on surface of endothelial cells and in extracellular matrix - interacts with circulating antithrombin to provide a natural antithrombotic mechanism |
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antidote for severe bleeding due to heparin toxicity
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protamine sulfate
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danaparoid
lepirudin |
other parenternal anticoagulants
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mechanism of coumarins
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inhibit vitamin k epoxide reductase in the liver where clotting factors are synthesized
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What is INR?
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internation normalized ratio
INR = PT pt / PT ref Target 2.0 to 3.0 |
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streptokinase
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fibrinolytic
binds plasminogen and converts it into active plasmin |
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tPA (alteplase)
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activates fibrin bound plasminogen
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