Drugs & Alcohol Terms

Front 1

hallucinogen

Back 1

drugs that alter moods, thoughts, and sense perceptions including vision, hearing, smell, and touch

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stimulant

Back 2

a drug that increases the CNS, heart, and other organs

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tolerance

Back 3

a condition in which the body becomes used to the effects of a medicine.

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marijuana

Back 4

plant whose leaves, bugs, and flowers are usually smoked for their intoxicating effects

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withdrawal

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a condition that occurs when a person stops using a medicine on which he or she has a chemical dependence

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drugs

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substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind

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inhalant

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substances whose fumes are sniffed or inhaled to achieve a mind-altering effect

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overdose

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a strong, sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug

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designer drugs

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synthetic substances meant to imitate the effects of hallucinogens and other dangerous drugs

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medicine

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drugs that are used to treat or prevent diseases, fight pathogens, relieve pain, and promote health

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narcotics

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specific drugs derived from the opium plant that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain

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anabolic steroids

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synthetic substances similar to the male hormone testosterone

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psychoactive drugs

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chemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity in the brain

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depressant

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drugs that tend to slow the CNS

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addictive drug

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substance that causes physiological & psychological dependence

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nicotine

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addictive drug found in tobacco, restricts blood vessels

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carcinogen

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cancer-causing substance

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tar

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dark, thick, sticky substance produced when tobacco is burned

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carbon monoxide

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colorless, odorless gas that has an affinity to blood

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smokeless tobacco

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tobacco that is sniffed in the nose, held in the mouth, chewed in the mouth

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# of carcinogens in chewing tobacco

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28 carcinogens

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leukoplakia

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thick & white leathery spots inside your mouth

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Short-term effects of tobacco

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bad breath; yellow teeth; smelly hair, clothes, and skin; coughing; increased heart & respiration rates

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long-term effects of tobacco

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lung/mouth/throat cancer, bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchial tubes), emphysema, heart disease/stroke, high blood pressure

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external consequences of tobacco

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financial, social, and legal problems

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nicotine withdrawal

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process that occurs when your body no longer gets nicotine

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environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)

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second-hand smoke

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mainstream smoke

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smoke that is exhaled

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sidestream smoke

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smoke that comes fromt he end of a cigarette

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second-hand smoke's effects on a non-smoker? # of carcinogens?

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causes eye irritation, headaches, coughing, reduced oxygen levels. newborns 2.5x more likely to die from SIDS. 43 carcinogens.

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ethanol

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alcohol present in alcoholic beverages

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fermentation

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chemical action between yeast & sugar

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deressant

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decreases CNS action

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intoxication

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body is poisoned by alcohol

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external influences

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peers, family, media, advertisement techniques

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internal influences

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gender, amount of food in the stomach, consumption rate

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alcohol abuse

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excessive use of alcohol

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alcohol-related traffic collisions by teens is...

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the #1 cause of death & disability

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vaccine

Back 39

a preparation introduced to the body to stimulate an immune response

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antitoxins

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substances that neutralize the effects of toxins

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prescription drugs

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drugs that cannot be used without a written approval of a physician

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OTC

Back 42

Over-the-counter. Drugs that can be bought without a prescription.

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drug misuse

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mixing, discontinuing, taking too much, too little, or taking someone's

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substance abuse

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any unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for non-medical purposes

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illegal drug

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substances that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell

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addiction cycle

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tolerance -> dependence -> addiction

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types of psychoactive drugs

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inhalants, stimulants, depressants, narcotics, & hallucinogens

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examples of inhalants

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aerosol cans, solvents, spray paint, glue

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effects of inhalants

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mind-altering effects, possible brain damage

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examples of stimulants

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cocaine, crack, amphetamines, tobacco, caffeine

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effects of stimulants

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increases CNS action

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examples of depressants

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tranquilizer, GHB

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effects of depressants

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decreases CNS action

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examples of narcotics

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opium, morphine, heroine, codeine

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effects of narcotics

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relieves pain

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examples of hallucinogens

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PCP, LSD, XTC, mushrooms

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effects of hallucinogens

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alters moods & thoughts

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more than ___% of smokers start when they are still a teenager

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90%

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smoking harms ___ more rapidly than it harms ___

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young people, adults

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___ of out ___ teens who try smoking cigarettes will become ___

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1, 3, addicted

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___ is the most ___ health problem in this country, killing more people every year than ___ other drugs ___.

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smoking, serious, all, combined

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tobacco companies have kept smokers addicted by...

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manipulating the levels of nicotine in their products

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tobacco spend more money on advertising than the ___ industry

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car

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tobacco use causes ___ disease, ___, and harms the ___ system

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heart, cancer, immune

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tobacco use decreases the ___ and lung ___ required in athletic competition

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stamina, capacity

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tobacco use affects the ___ by causing low ___ weight, which is associated with still-births and developmental deficits in young children.

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fetus, birth

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medical experts consider ___ more addictive than crack, cocaine, or heroine

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tobacco

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use of chewing tobacco, cigars, and pipes cause ___ of the mouth, lips, and throat.

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cancer

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short-term effects of drinking

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brain becomes less controllable; mov't speech, ability to make good choices, vision, digestive system, and the respiratory system may be affected; stomach acid increases, causes nausea; blood vessels expand, causing decreased respiratory rate; reduces body's involuntary functions

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what is the term for the percentage used for the amount of alcohol in the blood?

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blood alcohol concentration (BAC)

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in most states, drivers with a BAC of ___% are considered to be driving while intoxicated, or ___

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.10, DUI

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signs of intoxication

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slower reflexes, reduced ability to judge distances and speed, increased risk-taking. less concentration starts as low as .02% BAC

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consequences of DUI

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death, injury, jail

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binge drinking

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drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting

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binge drinking can lead to...

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alcohol poisoning

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alcohol poisoning is potentially ___

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fatal

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symptoms of alcohol poisoning

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confusion, coma, seizures, slow respiration, irregular heartbeat, hypothermia, and dehydration.