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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Drug
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any substance that alters one's ability to function emotionally, physically, intellectually, financially, or socially
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Drug Misuse
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the unintentional or inappropriate use of prescribed or over-the-counter drugs
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Drug Abuse
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the intentional and inappropriate use of a drug resulting in physical, emotional, financial, intellectual, or social consequences for the user
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Psychoactive Drugs
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any substance that has the capability of altering mood, perception, or behavior
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Distillation
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a heating process that increases alcohol content
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alkuhl
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an arabic word meaning "the essences," from which the word alcohol is derived
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aqua vitae
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literally means "water of life"; another expression for alcohol
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Whiskey Rebellion
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A protest by farmers in southwestern Pennsylvania against a tax on whiskey
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Temperance
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moderate alcohol use, rather than abstinence
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Narcotics
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any of the opium-based central nervous system depressants used to relieve pain and diarrhea
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Opiate
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a class of drugs derived from opium
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Laudanum
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a drug derived from opium
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Morphine
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an analgesic drug derived from opium; used medically as a painkiller
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Soldier's Disease
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a name given to morphine dependency during Civil War
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Heroin
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a potent drug that is a derivative of opium
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Caffeine
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a mild stimulant found in coffee, tea, soda, and chocolate
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Kola Nut
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a part of a plant originally used in Coca-Cola
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Freebase
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a variation of cocaine in which cocaine is separated from its hydrochloride salt by heating, using a volatile chemical such as ether
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Crack Cocaine
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a variation of cocaine made by heating cocaine after mixing it with baking soda and water
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Amphetamines
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Powerful central nervous system stimulant
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Benzedrine
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An amphetamine used to treat nasal congestion
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Methamphetamine
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a more potent form of amphetamine
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Barbiturate (barbituric acid)
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a member of class of drugs that have depressant effects
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Barbital
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a sedative-hypnotic drug used to treat anxiety and nervousness; the original barbiturate
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Bromides
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Nonbarbiturate sedatives used to treat epileptic convulsions
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Chloral Hydrate
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A nonbarbiturate sedative; also called "knockout drops"; induces sleep
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Paraldehydge
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A nonbariturate sedative-hypnotic drug used with severely disturbed mental patients
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Meprobamate
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A minor tranquilizer marketed under the trade named of Miltown and Equanil; also used for treating psychosomatic conditions
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Benzodiazepines
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A type of minor tranquilizer; examples are Librium and Valium
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Inhalants
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Drugs that are inhaled or sniffed
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Nitrous Oxide
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inhalant known as laughing gas
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Ether
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inhalant dating back to the late 1700s
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LSD
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powerful hallucinogen derived from a fungus
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Hallucinogens
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class of drugs that induced perceived distortions in time and space
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Psilocybin
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hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms in Central America
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Peyote
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cactus containing the hallucinogen mescaline
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Mescaline
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a psychoactive agent, or hallucinogen, derived from the peyote cactus
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Jamestown Weed
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any hallucinogen derived from the Datura plant; also known as "locoweed"
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Ergotism
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condition resulting from ingesting a fungus that grows on grains; marked by muscle tremors, buring, mania, delirum, hallucinations, and eventual gangrene
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Experimental Drug Use
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Infrequent drug use usually motivated by curiosity
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Social-recreational Drug Use
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Taking drugs in a social environment to share pleasurable experiences among friends
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Circumstantial-situational Drug Use
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Short term drug use to contend with immediate distress or pressure
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Intensified Drug Use
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Taking drugs on a steady, long term basis to relieve a persistent problem or stressful situation
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Chronic Drug Use
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The habitual use of drugs
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Compulsive Drug Use
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Obsessive drug use without regard for society
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Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs)
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Company-sponsored programs to help employers deal with their employees who have problems including drug use
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Immunoassay
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A drug testing procedure that tests for metabolites of drugs
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Gas Chromatography
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A drug testing procedure that is more specific, sensitive and expensive that the immunologic assay
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thin-layer chromatography
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simple, inexpensive, urine-based drug test
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Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
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type of drug test, highly sophisticated and sensitive, but time-consuming and expensive
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False Positive
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a test that is positive for drugs even though no drugs are present in the urine
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False Negative
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a test that is negative for drugs even though drugs are present in the urine
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Margin of Safety
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the difference between a beneficial level and harmful level of a drug
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Toxicity
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A drug's ability to disturb or nullify homeostasis
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Acute
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Describes a condition that arises abruptly and is not long lasting
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Designer Drugs
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Synthetic substances that are chemically similar to existing drugs
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Analog
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A synthetic derivative of an existing drug
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Fentanyl
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A synthetic narcotic that is 1,000 times more potent than heroin
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China White
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A synthetic analgesic drug, derived from fentanyl, that mimics heroin but is considerably more potent
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Meperidine
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synthetic derivative of morphine
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MPPP
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synthetic drug that is similar to merperidine
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MDMA (ecstasy)
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synthetic hallucinogen related to amphetamines
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MDA
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hallucinogen that is structurally similar to amphetamines
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look-alike drugs
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substances that appear similar to illegal or pharmaceutical drugs
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sound-alike drugs
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substances with names that sound similar to those of illegal or prescription drugs
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Biphetamine
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powerful stimulant
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Positive Reinforcement
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Pleasurable sensations associated with a behavior, motativing one to repeat the behavior
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Negative Reinforcement
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Relief or avoidance of pain achieved by a behavior, motivating one to repeat the behavior
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Drug Dependency
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Recurring desire for drugs based on a psychic or a physical need
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Drug Addiction
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Continuing desire for drugs based on a physical need
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Withdrawal symptoms
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Physical signs that appear when drug use is stopped
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Reinforcers
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Stimuli or events that lead to certain behaviors being repeated
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Primary reinforcers
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stimuli that reduce physiological needs or are inherently pleasurable
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Secondary reinforcers
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stimuli that signal that increased probability of obtaining primary reinforcers
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speedball
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injectable combination of heroin and cocaine
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Ergogenic Aids
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Substances that provide an athletic advantage, also known as performance enhancing drugs
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Anabolic Steroids
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Substances used to increase muscle mass; related to male sex hormones
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Stacking
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Ingesting or injecting several steroids at the same time
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Roid Rage
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Uncontrollable violence associated with use of anabolic steroids
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Human Growth Hormones
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Hormones that stimulate protein synthesis; used by athletes to enhance performance
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Erythropoietin
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Hormone that enhances cardiovascular endurance by increasing red blood cell production
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Creatine Monohydrate
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Natural substances used to increase strength and short term speed
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Tetrahydrogestrinone
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A designer drug, closely related to the banned anabolic steroid gestrinone and trenbolone
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Androstenedione
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Food supplement used for muscle development
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Aphrodisiac
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any substance that increases sexual desire
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