Beta Or Calcium Channel Blockers

Front 1

Phenoxybenzamine

Back 1

Dibenzyline(R)

Hint 1

MOA: Non- selective, non- competitive α-antagonist/blocker with slightly greater affinity for the α1 receptor

Blocks histamine, ACh & serotonin receptors as well.

Indications: pheochromocytoma (↓HTN & sweating), Raynaud’s disease & frostbite

Front 2

Phentolamine

Back 2

Regitine®

Hint 2

Indications: short term management of pheochromocytoma, prevention of dermal necrosis following administration of IV NE, impotence (along with papaverine), hypertensive crisis following abrupt withdrawal of clonidine or following combination of tyramine & MAOIs, hypertension due to overdose of amphetamines & cocaine, rebound hypertension due to abrupt clonidine withdrawal

MOA: Non- selective, competitive α-antagonist/blocker with effects lasting for about 4 hours after injectionα1 blockage: ↓ PR  ↓ BP, relaxation of the trigone & sphincter muscles of the bladder increased urination. Reflex stimulation of the heart due to the baroreceptor effect.α2 blockage: Leads to cardiac stimulation & reflex tachycardia

Front 3

Prazosin

Back 3

Minipress®

Hint 3

Indications: 2nd line treatment of systemic HTN, urinary hesitancy in BPH, CHF & pheochromocytoma

MOA: Selective, competitive α1-antagonist/blocker. 1000x more potent at α1 receptor vs α2 receptor

Front 4

Tamsulosin

Back 4

Flomax®

Hint 4

Indications: BPH

Modestly selective α1A receptor antagonist which acts on the receptors in the prostrate.

Front 5

Yohimbine

Back 5

Aphrodyse®

Hint 5

Indications: treatment of erectile dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension

MOA: Selective, competitive α2 blocker

Front 6

β- adrenergic Blockers

Back 6

1. Non-selective β-antagonists e.g. Propranolol 2. Non-selective β-antagonists with action as α1-antagonists e.g. Carvedilol3. β-adrenergic partial agonists: partial activation of the receptor e.g. Pindolol4. β1-selective /cardioselective antagonists e.g. Atenolol

Front 7

Propranolol

Back 7

Inderal®

Hint 7

Indications: chronic angina, arrhythmia, 1st line agents for HTN, cardiomyopathy, vascular headache, tremors, physical symptoms of anxiety, mitral valve prolapse, thyrotoxicosis, prophylaxis against myocardial re-infarction and subsequent arrhythmia, adjunct for pheochromocytoma

non-selective β blocker with equal affinity for both subtypes of β receptors. It posses membrane stabilising activity

Front 8

Nadolol

Back 8

Corgard®

Hint 8

Used to treat bleeding from esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis

Non-selective β blockers

Front 9

Timolol

Back 9

Blocarden® Timoptic®, Timoptic XE®

Hint 9

used to diminish intraocular pressure in persons with chronic glaucoma.

Non-selective β blockers

Front 10

Carteolol

Back 10

Ocupress®

Hint 10

used topically to treat glaucoma

Non-selective β blockers

Front 11

Levobunolol

Back 11

Betagan®

Hint 11

used topically to treat glaucoma

Non-selective β blockers

Front 12

Pindolol

Back 12

Visken®

Hint 12

Indications: HTN with bradycardia ( less pronounced reduction in HR with this drug

non-selective β blocker with ISA and membrane stabilising activity

Front 13

Sotalol

Back 13

Betapace®

Hint 13

used mainly to treat arrhythmias

non-selective β blocker

Front 14

Penbutalol

Back 14

Levatol®

Hint 14

used mainly to treat HTN

non-selective β blocker

Front 15

Metoprolol

Back 15

Lopressor®, Toprol XL®

Hint 15

Used to manage angina, HTN, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, prophylaxis for MI,stable CHF, pheochromocytoma, vascular headache, tremors & anxiety

membrane stabilising effects .

β1 Selective Antagonists

Front 16

Atenolol

Back 16

Tenormin®

Hint 16

used to manage HTN. Hydrophillic with limited penetration to the CNS due to its low lipophicity

β1 Selective Antagonists

Front 17

Acebutolol

Back 17

Sectral®

Hint 17

used to manage HTN

has ISA

β1 Selective Antagonists

Front 18

Nebivolol

Back 18

Bystolic®

Hint 18

most selective blocker

β1 Selective Antagonists

Front 19

Esmolol

Back 19

Brevibloc®

Hint 19

Used in critically ill patients when β blocking activity needed for a short period of time with little side effects - β1 Selective Antagonists

Indications: IV for control of supraventricular arrhythmias, arrhythmias associated with thyrotoxicosis, perioperative HTN, & myocardial ischemia in acutely ill patients.

β1 Selective Antagonists

Front 20

Bisoprolol

Back 20

Zebeta®

Hint 20

no ISA and is used for stable CHF - β1 Selective Antagonists

Front 21

Betaxolol

Back 21

Betoptic®

Hint 21

no ISA and is used topically to treat glaucoma - β1 Selective Antagonists

Front 22

Labetalol

Back 22

Trandate®

Hint 22

Indications: treating hypertensive patients for whom increased PVR is undesirable

Mixed α-β Antagonists

alternative to methyldopa in pregnancy induced HTN, IV for hypertensive emergencies. ISA at the β2receptor only

Front 23

Carvedilol

Back 23

Coreg®

Hint 23

useful in stable CHF with decreased systolic function.

Mixed α-β Antagonists

Front 24

Mixed α-β Antagonists

Back 24

Order of activity : β1 = β2 > α1. In addition β –blocking effects they lead to peripheral vasodilation due to α1 blockade→ ↓ PR