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8 Cards in this Set
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Acetazolamide
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Use: Diuretic, glaucoma, (epilepsy, mountain sickness prophylaxis) Mech: Sulfonamide (w/o antibacterial activite). Inhibits prox. tubule=> dec. Na+/H+ exchange gives mild diuresis. HC03- stays in urine= alkaline urine SE: hyperchloremic metabolic acidoses, K-depletion, renal stones, drowsiness/paresthesia. Watch out!: Unique: |
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Pralidoxime
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Use: Organophosphate poisoning. Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning. Blocks SLUD (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation)
Mech: Regenerates active cholinesterase (displaces the organophosphate and regenerates the enzyme). SE: Watch out!: Unique: |
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Edrophonium
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Use: Dx of myasthenia gravis. antidote for tubocurarine.
Mech: reversible inhibition of ACh-esterase. SE: SLUD (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defactation), dec. B.P., bronchospasm. Watch out!: Unique: Similar to neostigmine, but shorter acting) |
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Chloramphenicol
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Use: Meningitis- good CNS penetration (enterrococcus?) (H. flu, N. meningitis, S. pneumoniae). DOC for typhoid fever (salmonella), H flu epiglottitis
Mech: reversibly binds 50S subunit of ribosome and inhibits peptidyl transferase. bacterioSTATIC. SE: aplastic anemia. Gray Baby syndrome (babies lack UDP-gluuronyl transferase; so they can't conjugate drug-> depressed breathing, CV collapse, cyanosis), candida infection. Watch out!: Inhibits some hepatic mixed func oxidases, so blocks metabolism of warfarin, phenytoin, tolbutamide, etc.) Unique: |
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Albuterol
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Use= Asthma, premature labor
MOA= beta2 agonist (short acting) SE- tachycardia, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesia (dec when drug delivered by inhalation rather than systemic) Unique= no infiinflamm effects, |
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Acetylcysteine
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USE: APAP (acetaminophen) overdose; mucolytic therapy
MOA: Increases glutathione reserves to help bind the toxic metabolite of APAP. mucolytic- splits disulfide bonds SE: |
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Norepi
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USE: hypotension, septic shock
MOA: sympathomimetic (alpha 1, 2, beta 1); intense vasoconstriction giving inc MABP. |
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Chloroquine
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USE: malaria, blood schizonticide, systemic amebiasis, RA, discoid lupus, pivivax, p falciparum.
MOA: unknown (prevents heme polymerization; dec DNA synth, alkalization of parasites food vacuole) SE: ECG changes (quinidine-like= Na channel block); can precipitate psoriasis or porphyria attack. Unique: P. falciparum resistance in asia and some central and s. america.... so can't use chloroquine to treat malaria for resistant strains. |
