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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What drugs decrease inflammation, irritation & sensitivity of nerve endings? 2. What endogenous compound(s) do the opposite? |
1. Aspirin, NSAID 2. Autocoids |
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1. What drugs block the conduction of impulses by afferent pain fibers? 2. What endogenous compound is responsible for conduction? 3. Which endogenous compounds can mimic the actions of these drugs? |
1. Local anesthetics (i.e. lidocaine) 2. Substance P 3. Serotonin, Enkephalins |
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1. Which drugs modify the processing of pain info in the CNS? 2. What endogenous compounds do the same? |
1. Opioids (morphine), Acetaminophen, Aspirin, NSAIDS 2. Some prostaglandins, Serotonin (in Thalamus), Endogenous opioids (endorphins, enkephalins) |
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Opioids 1. Types 2. Location 3. Function 4. Best for... |
1. Pure Agonist, Agonist/Antagonist, Pure Antagonist 2. Limbic system & spinal cord 3. Modify patient's reaction to pain (reduce anxiety, fear, panic, suffering); Also act in spinal cord to modify physiological sensation of pain (increased pain tolerance) 4. Dull, constant, visceral pain |
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1. What does it mean to be a "pure opioid agonist"? 2. Function? 3. Examples? |
-Activates mu & kappa receptors -Produces analgesia, euphoria, dependence, respiratory depression -Morphine (doesn't cause loss of consciousness at therapeutic dosages), Heroin, Codeine (weaker, usually used with acetaminophen) |
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1. What does it mean to be an "agonist-antagonist opioid? 2. Function? 3. Examples? |
1. Acts as an agonist on the mu receptor & an antagonist on the kappa receptors 2. Acts either as an agonist OR an antagonist 3. Pentazocine, Buprenorphine |
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1. What does it mean to be a "pure antagonist opioid"? 2. Function? 3. Examples? |
1. Acts against mu & kappa receptors 2. Does not produce analgesic effects; Instead used to reverse respiratory & CNS depression caused by over-dose from opioid agonists 3. Nolaxone/Narcan |
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NSAIDS 1. Types 2. Location 3. Function 4. Mechanism 5. Best for... |
1. Aspirin, Ibuprofen (Motrin) 2. CNS (brainstem & thalamus); PNS (causes GI side effects) 3. Analgesic & anti-inflammatory 4. Periphery: inhibits prostaglandin synthase thereby reducing inflammation & sensitivity of nociceptors; CNS: inhibits transmission of pain info in brainstem & thalamus 5. Mild/moderate pain |
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Acetaminophen 1. Location 2. Function 3. Mechanism 4. Best for... |
1. CNS (brainstem & thalamus) 2. Analgesic 3. Inhibits transmission of pain info in brainstem & thalamus 4. Mild/moderate pain |
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Local Anesthetics 1. Examples 2. Location 3. Function 4. Mechanism 5. Best for... |
1. Lidocaine, Procaine
2. Locally 3. Analgesic 4. Blocks axonal conduction of afferent pain signals by blocking Na channels & preventing neuronal depolarization *particularly effective in unmyelinated neurons (i.e. type C fibers) 5. Acute procedures; nerve-block procedures for management of chronic, severe pain |
