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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ethanol |
blood level determined by rate of which it reaches the small intestine RL: acetyldehyde chronic users metabolize it faster because it has its own metabolism via CYP2E1 |
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DISulfiram |
(used for alch abuse) aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; reacts to increase acetyldehyde in blood and causes unpleasant reaction |
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ACAMProsate |
(used for alch abuse) NMDA receptor antagonist; may temper CNS activity and reduce internal cues that motivate drinking |
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NALtrexone |
(used for alch abuse) opioid receptor antagonist; reduces ethanol induced activation of DA reward pathway SIDE EFFECTS: psychoactive |
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tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) |
phytocannibinoid; CB1 receptors mediate psychoactive effects ; memory, motor control, pain reg |
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cannabidiol (CBD) |
antagonist of CB1 and CB2; may potentiate THC effects though; main ingredient in cannabis |
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DRONabinol |
synthetic THC, for AIDS; anti emetic for cancer patients when 5-HT drugs are not well tolerated |
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EPIdiolex |
99% CBD, used for severe childhood epilepsy |
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amphetamines/cocaine |
Stimulant; Adderal; used for ADHD decreased sleep, increase attention, decrease appetite; increase DA in meso pathways ; overdose is a consequence of activation of the Sympathetic nervous system side effects: arrhythmias, stroke, infarction |
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LSD |
Hallucinogen; activated serotonergic systems ; psychological stuff happens |
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PCP/Ketamine |
Hallucinogen; antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors;Mew and delta opioid receptor agonist; Increase release of DA NE and 5-HT pain relief, sedation (ketamine used as anesthetic) |
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ALLOpurinol |
used for gout and hyperuricemia;well tolerated; xanthene oxidase inhibitor prevents uric acid formation SIDE EFFECT: hypersensitivity |
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PROBENecid |
used for gout and hyperuricemia; increase excretion of uric acid in urine SIDE EFFECT: Kidney stones |
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rasburiCASE |
used for gout and hyperuricemia; people with malignancy; recombinant uricase; promotes breakdown of it to soluable allantoin which can be excreted SIDE EFFECTS: ANAphalaxis |
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COLchicine |
gout and hyperurecemia; anti-inflammatory; disrupts microtubules in luekocytes; inhibits synthesis of inflammatory interleukin 1B |
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ANAKinra |
IL-1 receptor antagonist; rheumatoid arthritis side effects: infections; hypersensitivity |
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InflixiM/Ab |
monoclonal antibody that binds directly to TNF; used for RA, Crohn's disease, psoriasis SIDE EFFECTS: increase cancer risk; infection |
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METHotrexate |
inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and conversion of it to tetrahydrofolate; leads to decrease DNA synthesis; lead to hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression; inhibits IL-B Used for leukemia/Cancer |
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HYDROXYchloroquine |
blocks the activity of toll like receptors (TLR) on dendrites; inhibits the maturation of them and presentation of antigens to T cells; blocks production of cytokines that lead to inflammation USED FOR: lupus, arthritis SIDE EFFECTS: retinal damage; rash; diarrhea |
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SULFasalazine |
suppresses function of T & B cells and inhibits COX; used for RA and Colitis Side effects: rash photosensitivity |
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eTANERcept |
TNF decoy receptor; binds to circulating TF with a long half life Used for: RA, psoriasis, arthritis |
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glucosamine |
amino sugar from shellfish; MAY have anti-inflammatory effects Used for: OA SIDE EFFECTS: Mainly GI (nausea, vomiting) worried about bleeding if taken with an NSAID |
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chondroitin |
glycosaminoglycan; component of joint matrix USED FOR: OA pain Side effects: Creutz Jakob disease |
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penicillins/cephalosporins (cefepime) |
bactericidal; inhibit transpeptidase; prevents cell wall formation; broad spectrum; decrease T cell activity USED FOR: RA; Wilson's Disease Side effects: rash; proteinuria |
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VANcomycin |
HA-MRSA; antibiotic |
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(aminoglycoside) GENTamicin |
bactericidal; blocks protein synthesis; causing misreading of codons; blocks translocation of tRNA from A to P site SIDE EFFECTS: nephro neuro and ototoxicity (8th CN) |
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azithromycin |
antibiotic that fights bacteria; treat different types of infections; pink eye; inhibits translation of mRNA; interferes with protein synthesis SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea; GI problems |
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levoFLOXacin (aFLUoroquinolone) |
antibiotics; treats infections; stops the growth of bacteria prevents DNA from being separated (targets topoisomerase) USED FOR: Pneumonia; kidney infections |
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acycloVIR |
Antiviral; used to treat (HSV) and varicella-zoster (VZV); taken up by cells (preferentially by infected cells),phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase, and the triphosphate form inhibit viral DNA polymerase by acting as a dGTP analogue;thus, it is anucleoside analogue that inhibits viral replication |
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ZIDOVudine |
widely used for the treatment of HIV; nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; typically given in combination with other anti retroviral agents can cause neutropenia and anemia; prolonged use can also lead to myopathy |
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VINcristine |
binds to tubulin to prevent microtubule formation; blocks cells during metaphase; promotes apoptosis USED FOR: cancer SIDE EFFECTS: peripheral neuropathy; hyponautremia |
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imaTINIb |
inhibits tyrosine kinase; in chronic leukemia, one TK known as BCR-Abl, appears to always be in the active state, so when it is inhibited, cells die by apoptosis USED FOR: Cancer hypersensitivity reactions, hepatotoxictiy; cardiac issues |
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Cyclophosphamide |
alkalyates DNA strands to prevent cancer from forming; immunosupressive activity; prodrug activated by p450 Used for: Cancer |
