Drugs 3.3

Front 1

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS

Back 1

Non-narcotic analgesics, Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretics, and the combinations
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
Narcotic Analgesics and Narcotics Antagonists
Local Anesthetics
Anticonvulsants
Psychotherapeutic Drugs

Front 2

Non-narcotic analgesics, Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretics, and the combinations
Mechanism of action:

Back 2

Salicylates:
Analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic effects
Relieve pain and reduce inflammation primarily by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandin

Front 3

Salicylates - MOA

Back 3

The primary antipyretic effect is central.
Reduce fever by:
Stimulating the hypothalamus
Cause dilation of peripheral blood vessels
Cause increased sweating
Promote heat loss through the skin and cooling by evaporation.
Prostaglandin E increases body temperature, inhibiting its production lowers a fever
Prostaglandins maintains the integrity of gastric mucosa, its inhibition opens the stomach to ulceration.

Front 4

Salicylates include

Back 4

Aspirin (Bayer, Empirin)
Chemical name is acetylsalicylic acid
Abbreviated as “ASA”
Greater anti-inflammatory effects and irreversibly inhibits platelet aggregation

Front 5

ANTIPYRETICS ANALGESIC

Back 5

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Effective analgesic and antipyretic without ANTI-INFLAMMATORY effects.
Pain-control effects are not well understood
It may work on CNS by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and in the peripheral nervous system in some unknown way.
Reduces fever by acting directly on the heat-regulating center in the hypothalamus.

Front 6

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs MOA

Back 6

Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in tissues to relieve inflammation and swelling, which in turn reduces pain
In addition to analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, NSAIDs also have antipyretic effects.
Take longer to reduce fever, but last longer
Generally act in the affected tissues and not centrally

Front 7

NSAIDS include

Back 7

Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)
Naproxen (Naprosyn)
Naproxen sodium (Anaprox)
Indomethacin (Indocin)
Ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol)
Piroxicam (Feldene)
Tramadol (Ultram)

Front 8

Urinary Tract Analgesic/Antipyretic

Back 8

Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)
Excreted in the urine where it produces a local anesthetic/analgesic effect on the urinary tract mucosa.
It’s mechanism of action is unknown

Front 9

Aspirin

Back 9

Mild to moderate pain
Fever
Various inflammatory conditions
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
osteoarthritis
Reducing risk of recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIA) stroke or stroke in men who have TI of the brain due to fibrin platelet emboli.
Reduce the risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with previous infarction or unstable angina pectoris.

Front 10

Acetaminophen

Back 10

Mild to moderate pain
Fever

Front 11

NSAIDS indications

Back 11

Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Acute gouty arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Mild to moderate pain
Dysmenorrhea

Front 12

Indomethacin/Naproxen sodium:

Back 12

Tendonitis
Bursitis
Acute gout

Front 13

Ibuprofen:

Back 13

Fever

Front 14

Ketorolac tromethamine

Back 14

Moderately severe, acute pain that require analgesia at the opiate level (but it’s not an opiate);
Idiopathic heavy menstrual blood loss

Front 15

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs MOA

Back 15

Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in tissues to relieve inflammation and swelling, which in turn reduces pain
In addition to analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, NSAIDs also have antipyretic effects.
Take longer to reduce fever, but last longer
Generally act in the affected tissues and not centrally

Front 16

Phenazopyridine
indications

Back 16

Symptomatic relief of the pain, burning, urgency and frequency of urination that occur with urinary tract infections (UTI)

Front 17

NSAIDS include

Back 17

Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)
Naproxen (Naprosyn)
Naproxen sodium (Anaprox)
Indomethacin (Indocin)
Ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol)
Piroxicam (Feldene)
Tramadol (Ultram)

Front 18

Urinary Tract Analgesic/Antipyretic

Back 18

Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)
Excreted in the urine where it produces a local anesthetic/analgesic effect on the urinary tract mucosa.
It’s mechanism of action is unknown

Front 19

Aspirin

Back 19

Mild to moderate pain
Fever
Various inflammatory conditions
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
osteoarthritis
Reducing risk of recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIA) stroke or stroke in men who have TI of the brain due to fibrin platelet emboli.
Reduce the risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with previous infarction or unstable angina pectoris.

Front 20

Acetaminophen

Back 20

Mild to moderate pain
Fever

Front 21

NSAIDS indications

Back 21

Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Acute gouty arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Mild to moderate pain
Dysmenorrhea

Front 22

Indomethacin/Naproxen sodium:

Back 22

Tendonitis
Bursitis
Acute gout

Front 23

Ibuprofen:

Back 23

Fever

Front 24

Ketorolac tromethamine

Back 24

Moderately severe, acute pain that require analgesia at the opiate level (but it’s not an opiate);
Idiopathic heavy menstrual blood loss

Front 25

Phenazopyridine
indications

Back 25

Symptomatic relief of the pain, burning, urgency and frequency of urination that occur with urinary tract infections (UTI)

Front 26

Aspirin
contraindications

Back 26

Hypersensitivity to salicylates or due to potential cross-sensitivity;
Hemophilia, bleeding ulcers, hemorrhagic states

Front 27

Acetaminophen
contraindications

Back 27

hypersensitivities

Front 28

Due to potential cross-sensitivity, do not give to patients in whom aspirin or other NSAIDS have induced:

Back 28

Symptoms of asthma
Angioedema
Bronchospasm
Allergic reactions

Front 29

Ketorolac tromethamine
contraindications

Back 29

Active peptic ulcer disease, GI bleeding or perforation;
Advanced renal impairment or patients at risk of renal failure due to volume depletion;
Suspected or confirmed cerebrovascular bleeding, hemorrhagic diathesis, incomplete hemostasis, and those at high risk of bleeding

Front 30

Phenazopyridine
contraindications

Back 30

Hypersensitivity
Renal impairment

Front 31

Aspirin:
PT info

Back 31

GI upset, take with food or after meals
Do not crush or chew sustained released preparations
Take with a full glass of water
Avoid if allergic to tartrazine dye
Notify physician if ringing in the ears or GI pain occurs
Do not use if strong vinegar-like odor

Front 32

Acetaminophen
PT info

Back 32

Severe or recurrent pain or high fever
Pain persists for greater than 5 days or if redness or swelling is present, consult physician
Do not exceed recommended dosage
Tylenol/Motrin
Consult use greater than 10 days for pain or greater than 3 days for fever.

Front 33

Naproxen sodium,Ibuprofen,Ketorolac tromethamine:
PT INFO

Back 33

Notify physician if skin rash, itching, visual disturbances, weight gain, edema, black stools or persistent headache occurs
Avoid aspirin and alcoholic beverages
If GI upset occurs, take with food, milk or antacids
Ketorolac can cause peptic ulcers and GI bleeding.
Do not exceed dosage
Do not use for greater than 5 days

Front 34

Phenazopyridine
PT INFO

Back 34

May cause GI upset, take after meals
May cause a reddish orange discoloration of the urine and may stain fabric
Do not use long-term in undiagnosed urinary tract pain

Front 35

AMMAL
NERVE DRUGS

Back 35

Salicylates:
Aspirin tablets 0.324 gm
Antipyretic-Analgesic:
Acetaminophen tablets 325 mg
Acetaminophen adult suppositories 650mg
Acetaminophen suppositories
Urinary Tract Analgesic/Anesthetic:
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride tablets 100 mg

Front 36

AMMAL
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs:

Back 36

Naproxen sodium tablets 275 mg
Ibuprofen tablets 400/600/800mg
Ketorolac tromethamine injection 30mg/ml, 60mg/ml