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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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BAC
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g of ethanol / 100ml blood
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BAL effects
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.01: threshold intox
.04: relaxation, impaired judgment .08: legally intox, rxn time and coordination impaired .15: gross intox, balance/movement impaired .3: loss of consciousness .4: death |
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ti
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therapeutic index: lethal dose/therapeutic does
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chronic effects of alcohol (5)
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liver problems, pancreas, gastrointestinal, heart, nervous system
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alcohol benefits
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decreased atherosclerosis and heart attack risk
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brain alcohol effects (4)
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global CNS inhibition, metal retardation, attention deficit, behavioral problems
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alcohol neurotransmitters
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GABA
glutamate adensoine |
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ethanol effects on neurotransmitters
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ethanol enhances GABA and blocks glutamate
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GABA
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excitatory, action facilitated by sedative hypnotics
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adenosine
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inhibitory, alcohol blocks reuptake
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general anesthetics (3)
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diethyl ether
halothane enflurane |
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barbituates
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low TI, use in lethal injection (Pentothal)
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benzodiazepines
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high TI, Valium, Xanax
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inhalants
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huffing of petroleum distillates; glue, paint thinner
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sedative hypnotics (4 examples)
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quualude, ambien, xyrem, propofol
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symptoms of withdrawal (8)
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anxiety, tremor, increased HR, increased BP, halluciniations, delerium, seizure, delerium tremens
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plants with sedative properties
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chamomile, lavender, catnip, hops, passionflower, linden, kava, valerian
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whiskey tax and rebellion
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1794: tax on spirits to get money for fed debt
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SF opium smoking ban
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1875: illegal to smoke in public, didn't ban sale
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pure food and drug act
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1906: improvements in labeling
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Harrison narcotics act
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1914: regulated import, manufacture, sale of opium and coca; physicians arrested for prescribing narcotics to addicts
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18th amendment
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1920: prohibition
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21st amendment
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1933: repeals 18th
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harry j anslinger
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1930: head of bureau of narcotics
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marijuana tax act
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1937: penalties for untaxed possession of marijuana
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controlled substances act
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1970: categorized all psychoactive drugs with abuse potential
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drug enforcement administration
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1973: consolidated bureau of narcotics
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schedule 1
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no currently accepted medical use in US, high potential for abuse: heroin, psychedelics, cannabis
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schedule 2
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high potential for abuse, psych/phys dependence: opiods, cocaine, sedative-hypnotics
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schedule 3
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less abuse, mod/low dependence: tylenol, anabolic steroids
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schedule 4
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lower abuse, limited physical dependence: all benzodiazepines
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schedule 5
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least potential for abuse: cough syrup
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uniform controlled substances act
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1970: all states have schedules, most copy fed
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UN convention on psychotropic substances
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1971: international adoption of controlled substance category
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tracking prescriptions
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schedule 2. no phone prescriptions,
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US sentencing commision
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1984: mandatory minimum sentences
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controlled substances analogue act
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1986: "designer drug bill," prosecution for any act associated with any drug if analogous to sched 1/2
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10th amendment
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powers not granted to feds reserved for states
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commerce clause
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govt regulates anything considered import/export
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species of cannabis (3)
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sativa, indica, ruderalis
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presidential hemp farmers
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washington, jefferson, franklin (mill that made hemp paper)
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weed prep
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chop/dry leaves, lwering tops and stems
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weed names (6)
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marijuana, pot, weed, grass, ganja, bhang
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hash, hashish
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concentrated resin produced by plant, oily
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toxicity of weed smoke
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inflammation of nose, throat, lungs, bronchitis, increased risk of lung cancera nd emphysema
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psych effects of weed
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sensory perception, intensified feelings/thoughts, visual imagery, altered sense of self, relaxation, altered sense of time
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phys effects of weed
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red eyes, increased HR, increased appetite, increased libido, decreased lacrimation/salivation, decreased rxn time
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THC discovery
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not alkaloid
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THC
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delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol; 1-10% in cannabis, 5-100 mg/joint; highest percent in resin from buds of female plant
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sinsemilla
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"without seed" higher potency prep
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oral pharmacokinetics
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effects in 30+ mins, peak in 2h, effects for 3-4 hrs, more difficult to control dose
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smoked pharmacokinetics
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effects in several minutes, peak in 5-10 mins, effects for 3h
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marinol
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synthetic THC pharmaceutical, sched III, stimulation of appetite
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sativex
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cannabis extract enriched in THC, oral-buccal spray, for pain/muscle spasticity
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cannabinoid receptors
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most common in GPCR, cerebellum, basal ganglia, hippocampus, cerebral cortex; search for endogenous ligand
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anandamide
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possible endocannabinoid, maybe too hydrophobic to be stored in vesicles, maybe retrograde
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netherlands
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formal non-enforcement started in 1976
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