Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Epoetin alfa (Epogen)
|
is used to treat a lower than normal number of red blood cells (anemia) caused by chronic kidney disease in patients on dialysis to lessen the need for red blood cell transfusions.
INCREASE BP, SEIZURES, |
|
|
Furosemide (lasix)
|
CHECK FOR HYPOKALEMIA
MAY NEED K+ SUPPLEMENTATION |
|
|
lorazepam (Ativan)
|
WATCH BREATHING
|
|
|
Meperidine (Demerol)
|
MODERATE TO SEVERE PAIN
WATCH BREATHING |
|
|
mithramycin (Mithracin)
|
FOR TUMOR OF TESTES. WATCH FOR ALLERGIC REACTION!
|
|
|
Vasopressin (Pitressin)
|
Vasopressin is indicated for prevention and treatment of postoperative abdominal distention, in abdominal roentgenography to dispel interfering gas shadows, and in diabetes insipidus.
|
|
|
Maalox , mylanta
antacids |
give 2 hr before or 2-3hrs after meals
work best on empty stomach deactivates pepsin short term GERD |
|
|
rantidine (Zantac)
|
BID, with meals and at bedtime
longer acting GERD |
|
|
Omperazole (Prilosec)
|
give before meals,
watch for stomach upset etc LONG ACTING GERD |
|
|
Pantoprazole (protonix)
|
wear sunscreen
dont crush. GERD long acting too ... |
|
|
sangeuinous
|
bloody
|
|
|
Benign and malignant tumors
|
benign- altered cell growth, harmless
ex-flesh tone, skin tags malignant- cancer, without intervention will cause death ex.- basal cell carcinoma, melenoma |
|
|
hypertrophy-
|
growth that causes tissies to increase in SIZE by enlarging the CELL
|
|
|
aneuploidy-
|
ABNORMAL CHROMOSOME #
|
|
|
loose adherence-
|
NO FIBRONECTIN
|
|
|
anaplasia-
|
DIFF FROM PARENT CELL
|
|
|
generation time-
|
COMPLETE ONE GENERATION
|
|
|
benign-
|
morphology- looks like same tissue.
small nuclear-cytoplasm ratio tight adherence- continues to make fibronectin (encapsulated), nonmigratory |
|
|
malignant-
|
anaplastic- different from parent, Migratory,
ANEUPLOIDY-abnomal chromosome # loose adherence- no fibronectin LARGE nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio no purpose/function no contact inhibition keeps growing |
|
|
LUNG CANCER
|
SMOKING IS CAUSE
CARCINOGENS |
|
|
secondary cancer prevention
|
screening-
mammogram women >40yrs. colonoscopy at age 50 then Q 10yrs yearly fecal occult blood yearly PSA and digital exam for men >50yrs |
|
|
Breast Cancer
|
early detection is key.
METS to- BONE, LUNG, BRAIN, LIVER |
|
|
7 warning signs of cancer?
|
CAUTION!
changes in bowel/bladder habits a sore throat that doesnt heal unusual bleeding or discharge thickiening or lumo in breast or elsewhere ingestion or dysphagia obvious change in wart or mole nagging cough or hoarsness |
|
|
photodynamic therapy
|
destruction od CA cells by different types of laser lights
used for- non melanoma skin cancers, ocular tumors, gi tumors, lung cancers in the airway IV dye-laser light- tissue sloughing |
|
|
photodynamic therapy teaching:
|
increased sensitivity to light up to 12wks. limit penlights and pulse ox lights. (burns)
|
|
|
radiation on skin
|
localized treatment for CA destruction local hair loss,
dont wash off skin marking dry mouth treat with xerotomia altered taste and fatigue fibrosis and scarring |
|
|
GLUCOSE- FASTING
|
70-110
|
|
|
K+
|
3.5-5
|
|
|
Na+
|
135-145
|
|
|
BUN
|
10-20
2.9-7.1 |
|
|
creat
|
0.5-1.2
|
|
|
INR-
|
0.7-1.8
|
|
|
WBC-
|
5,000-10,000
|
|
|
hgb-
|
12-16
|
|
|
hct
|
35-45
|
|
|
co2-
|
23-30
|
|
|
RENIN-
|
DECREASED TISSUE PERFUSION STIMULATES SECRETION OF RENIN
|
|
|
RENIN-
|
ANGIOTENSINOGEN TO
ANGEIOTENSIN I =VASOCONSTRICTOR ANGIOTENSION II = INCREASE BP AND VOLUME, DECREASES URINE OUTPUT |
|
|
ANGEIOTENSIN II
|
ADEQUATE TISSUE PERFUSION
STIMULATES SECRETION OF ALDOSTERONE |
|
|
ADH
|
VASOPRESSIN
INCREASES TUBBULAR PERMEABILITY TO WATER, ALLOWING WATER TO LEAVE THE TUBE AND BE REABSORBED INTO THE CAPILLARIES. VASOCONSTRICTOR TOO |
|
|
ALDOSTERONE
|
PROMOTES REABSORBTION OF SODIUM AND WATER
RESTORES BP, BLOOD VOLUME AND SODIUM LEVELS. WHERE SODIUM GOES WATER FOLLOWS. |
|
|
KIDNEYS
|
REGULATORY- CONTROLS FLUID, ELCTROLYTE, AND ACID BASE BALANCE
HORMONAL FUNCTIONS- CONTROLS RBC FORMATION, BP, VIT D ACTIVATION. |
|
|
NARCAN
|
FOR OPOID OVERDOSE
|
|
|
ROMAZICON
|
FOR BENZO OVERDOSE
|
|
|
MORPHINE
|
MONITOR BP, RESP, GI. U O
|
|
|
DILAUDID
|
RESP, FOOD INTOLERANCE, ELEC IMBALANCE
GI MOTILITY |
|
|
OXYCODONE
|
GI BLEED.
GI MOTILITY PT AND PTT MIGHT BE ELEVATED |
|
|
KETOROLAC
|
MONITOR GI BLEED
|
|
|
IBUPROFEN
|
GI UPSET
GIVE WITH FOOD OR MILK PT PTT ELEVATED? DELAYED CLOTTING |
|
|
DIGOXIN
|
ANTACIDS INTERFERE WITH ABSORPTION
TAKE PULSE! WATCH K+ |
|
|
BETA BLOCKERS
COREG |
CARVEDELOL
WATCH FOR BRADYCARDIA START SLOW 1ST DOSE OTRHO HYPOTENSION FOR CHONIC NOT ACUTE HEART FAILURE |
|
|
NITRO SL
|
CAUSE HA, BUT IT WILL GO AWAY
CAN TAKE TYLENOL |
|
|
LOVASTATIN MEVACOR
SIMVASTATIN |
WATCH LIVER FUNCTION TESTS
|
|
|
PKD
|
autosomal hereditary disease characterized by cysts on kidneys.
cysts compress nephrons and restrict blood supply kidneys enlarge |
|
|
PKD
|
flank pain
hematuria: polyuria. protienuria, nocturia htn constipation uti and renal stones progression to renal failur |
|
|
PKD treatment
|
renal ultra sound or CT diagnosis
avoid nephrotoxic substances fluid intake of 2000-2500cc/day control htn (ace, or other antihypertensive) |
|
|
ulcerative colitis
|
10-20 liquid bloody stools a day
begins in rectum and continues to cecum complication : hemmorrage tenemus lower abd colicky pain relieved by defecation |
|
|
crohns disease
|
in terminal ilum with patchy involvement throughtout all layers of bowel
5-6 loose stoolds , non bloody fistulas are common complication usually need surgury |
