Drug Therapeutic Effects

Front 1

Adenosine:
therapeutic effect

Back 1

-Depresses automaticity in SA node.
-slows conduction through th AV node
-may interrupt reentry pathways involving the AV & SA nodes

Front 2

Albuterol:
therapeutic effect

Back 2

-relaxes bronchial smooth muscle through beta 2 adrenergic receptors

Front 3

Amiodarone:
therapeutic effect

Back 3

-complex drug that affects sodium, potassium, and calcium channels
+actos on all cardiac tissue by prolonging the duration of the action ptential and refractory period.
-has alpha and beta-adrenergic blocking properties
+increases coronary perfusion and reduces PVR by relaxing smooth muscle
-may provide some calcium channel blockade

Front 4

Ammonia inhalants:
therapeutic effect

Back 4

-irritates the peripheral sensory receptors of the nasal septum causing reflex stimulation of the respiratory and vasomotor centers

Front 5

Aspirin:
therapeutic effect

Back 5

-interferes with and minimizes platelet aggregation as well as vasoconstriction, by inhibiting thromboxane A2 production

Front 6

Atropine sulfate:
therapeutic effect

Back 6

-inhibits parasympathetic stimulation by blocking acetylcholine receptors in targe organs
-decreases vagal tone resulting in increased heart rate, SA automaticity, and AV conduction
-allows bronchioles to dilate and decreases respiratory tract secretions

Front 7

D5W:
therapeutic effect

Back 7

-privides free water for intravenous KVO
-dilution of drugs to be given IVPB

Front 8

D50W:
therapeutic effect

Back 8

-increases blood sugar

Front 9

Diazepam:
therapeutic effect

Back 9

-suppressess the spread of seizure activity through suppression of the motor cortex of the brain.
-promotes muscle relaxation through inhibition of spinal motor reflex pathways

Front 10

Diltiazem Hydrochloride:
therapeutic effect

Back 10

-Slows SA and AV conduction by inhibiting the influx of calcium across cell membranes during myocardial repolarization.
-slows conduction through and prolongs the refractory period in the AV node.
-relaxes cascular smooth muscle resulting in dilation of coronary and peripheral arteries, improving coronary perfusion and decreasing PVR

Front 11

Diphenhydramine:
therapeutic effect

Back 11

-competes with histamines for H1 and H2 receptor sites.
-Reverses histamine-induces; bronchospasm, broncho-secretion, vasodilation, and increased capillary permeability.
-relaxes smooth muscles

Front 12

Dobutamin:
therapeutic effect

Back 12

-increases inotropy(contractility) with little effect on chronotropy(heart rate) or casculatures.
-increases AV conduction.

Front 13

Dopamine:
therapeutic effect

Back 13

Low dose 1-5 ug/kg/min: diplates renal and mesenteric arteries by stimulating dopaminergic receptors. may reduce BP due to vasodilation.
Moderate dose 5-10ug/kg/min: increases inotropy with little effect on chronotropy. selectively stimulates beta 1 which increases cardiac output and BP.
High Dose 10-20ug/kg/min: stimulates alpha receptors causing casoconstriction. stimulates both alpha and beta receptors which raise BP. increases both inotropy and chronotropy

Front 14

Epinephrine:
therapeutic effect

Back 14

-increases cardia output due to beta 1 effects on chronotropy, inotropy, and dromotropy.
-increases BP due to alpha effects.
-relaxes smooth muscle of respiratory tract due to beta 2 effects.
-increases coronary and cerebral perfusion during CPR by increasing aortic diastolic pressure.
-increases electrical activity in the myocardium.

Front 15

Etomidate:
therapeutic effect

Back 15

-Ultrashort acting, short duration drug that provides deep CNS sedation, muscle relaxation, and some anderograde amnesia.
-believed to decreas the activity of the RAS (reticular activating system) in the brainstem.

Front 16

Fentanyl:
therapeutic effect

Back 16

-acts directly on CNS at opiate receptor site to relieve pain

Front 17

Glucagon:
therapeutic effect

Back 17

-stimulates breakdown of glycogen, from stores in the liver, to increase blood sugar by gluconeogenesis (new sugar creation)

Front 18

Lactated Ringers:
therapeutic effect

Back 18

-replaces fluid and electrolytes

Front 19

Lidocaine:
therapeutic effect

Back 19

-decreases ventricular irratiblity
-raises the fibrillatory threshold
-decreases conduction through ischemic tissue

Front 20

Lorazepam:
therapeutic effect

Back 20

-suppresses the spread of seizure activity through suppression of the CNS.
-promotes sedation and muscle relaxation through sedation of the CNS

Front 21

Midazolam:
therapeutic effect

Back 21

-short acting benzodiazepine that provides CNS sedation, muscle relaxation, and anterograde amnesia

Front 22

Morphine Sulfate:
therapeutic effect

Back 22

-acts directly on CNS at opiate receptor sites to relieve pain
-decreases myocardial O2 demand
-causes venous pooling due to peripheral casodilation
-reduces preload and afterload by decreasing venous return and PVR.
-alleviates anxiety

Front 23

Naloxon:
therapeutic effect

Back 23

-displaces narcotics from opiate receptor sites in CNS
-reverses respiratory depression, sedation, and pupillary effects of narcotics and/or synthetic narcotic analgesics

Front 24

Nitroglycerin:
therapeutic effect

Back 24

-dilates coronary arteries
-relaxes vascular smooth muscles, resulting in peripheral arteriole and venous dilation
-reduces preload and afterload, thereby decreasing myocardial workload and O2 demand

Front 25

0.9% NaCl:
therapeutic effect

Back 25

-provides fluid & electrolytes

Front 26

Ondansetron:
therapeutic effect

Back 26

-decreases nausea and vomiting by blocking receptor sites on peripheral and central chemoreceptors

Front 27

Oxygen:
therapeutic effect

Back 27

-oxidizes glucose to provide a usable form of energy to the mitochondria, essential for normal aerobic metabolism