Drug Side Effects

Front 1

Drug w/ atropine like side effects

Back 1

TCAs

Front 2

Drug(s) that present with coronary vasospasms

Back 2

cocaine, sumatriptan

Suma-wrestlers take cocaine and their vessels spasm with anger

Front 3

Drug(s) that present with cutaneous flushing

Back 3

VANC
Vancomycin
Adenosine
Niacin
Calcium channel blockers

"Aden had a NICE light blue VAN that had a great heater. (it would be flushingly warm)"

Front 4

Drug(s) that present with interstitial nephritis

Back 4

Methicillin, NSAIDs, Furosemid

"The kidney was FURious bc you took meth and NSAID which gave it interstitial nephritis"

Front 5

Drug(s) that present with Hemorrhagic cystitis

Back 5

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by coadministrating with mesna)

Front 6

Drug(s) that present with Cinchonism

Back 6

Quinidine, quinine

Front 7

Drug(s) that present with Diabetes insipidus

Back 7

Lithium, demeclocycline

Demeclocycline causes Diabetes

Front 8

Drug(s) that present with parkinson-like syndrome

Back 8

Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, reserpine, metoclopramide

Front 9

Drug(s) that present with Seizures

Back 9

Bupropion, imipenem/cilastin, isoniazid

"the pen is bupping"

Front 10

Drug(s) that present with Tardive dyskinesia

Back 10

Antipsychotics

Front 11

Drug(s) that present with Disulfram-like reactions

Back 11

Metronidazole, procarbazine, 1st generation sulfonylureas, cefoperazone, and cefamandole.

"The family metro-sexual, fobby, was pro-carbs and sulky. "

Front 12

Drug(s) that present with nephrotoxicity/ neurotoxicity

Back 12

Polymyxins

Front 13

Drug(s) that present with nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity

Back 13

Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, Loop diuretics, cisplatin

"A mean guy jumped out of a van, looped up and cisplanted a punch in the ear and kidney"

Front 14

p-450 inducers

Back 14

Quinine, Barbituarates, St John's wort, Phenytoin, Rifampin, Griseofulvin, Carbamazepine

Queen Barb Steals Phen-phen and Refuses Greasy Carbs Chronically

Front 15

p-450 inhibitors

Back 15

Sulfonamides, Isoniazid, Cimetidine, Ketoconazole, Erythromycin, Grapefruit juice. Acute alcoholic use

Inhibit yourself from drinking beer from a KEG because it makes you Acutely SICk

Front 16

Tx for status elipticus seizures?

Back 16

Phenytoin and Benzodiazepines

Penny wanted her gin and tonic STAT

Front 17

Phenytoin

Back 17

"Penny needed her SALTY gin and TONIC STAT. She was an ugly girl with gingival hyperplasia, a mustache, megaloblastic anemia (skinny) and a cleft lip. She also had a malar birth defect and was cross-eyed. She was also retarded and had a small head since birth.

Na channel inactivation, Tonic-clonic seizures, Status elepticus, gingival hyperplasia in children, hirsutism, megaloblastic anemia, cleft lip defect in neonates, also fetal hydantoin syndrome diplopia.

Front 18

Carbamazepine toxicity

Back 18

-1st line for Tonic-Clonic seizures and tigeminal neuralgia

Open your jaw and drink tonic water but know it has lots of Carbs.

Car goes BAM: blood everywhere (blood dyscrasias), hit in eye, head and liver (induction of cytochrome P-450, diplopia, ataxia), scrape your skin (steven's johnson), Cut your lip and spine (cleft lip, spina bifida), lay there for awhile and get really thirsty (SIADH)

Front 19

Ethosuximide toxicity

Back 19

ETHyl never wanted to SUX her husband, STEVEN's JOHNSON, so she would say she had a stomach ache (GI distress), was TIRED had a HEADACHE, or was too ITHCY

Front 20

Ethosuximide clinical use

Back 20

Absent siezures and blocks thalamic T-type Calcium channels

"ETHyl was ABSENT minded and big BONED"

Front 21

Valproic acid clinical use

Back 21

used for Partial and all generalized except for status. Increased NA channel inactivation and increases GABA concentration

"VAL he Vally girl was ABSENT minded and liked to drink SALTY gin and TONICs while GABbing constantly"

Front 22

Valproic acid toxicity

Back 22

GI distress, hepatotoxicity (measure LFTs), neural tube defects, tremor, weight gain, C/I in preggers

"VAL drank all the time so had a BAD LIVER and PUKED. This made her FAT Unfortunately she was PREGGERS so her baby had SPINA-BIFIDA"

Front 23

Lamotrigine toxicty

Back 23

Steven's johnson

"Steven's johnson was lame"

Front 24

Niacin mechanism

Back 24

inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue; reduces hepatic VLDL secretion into circulation

Front 25

-Statin mechanism

Back 25

inhibit cholesterol pre-cursor, mevalonate. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

Front 26

Bile acid resins (cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam) mechanism

Back 26

Prevent intestinal reabsorption of bile acids; liver must use cholesterol to make more

Front 27

Cholsterol absorption blockers (ezetimibe) mechanism

Back 27

Prevent cholesterol reabsorption at small intestine brush border

"its EZ to block cholesterol in the small intestine!"

Front 28

-Fribrates mechanism

Back 28

Upregulate lipoprotein lipase and increasing TG clearance. Promotes breakdown of VLDL

"Fibrates (+) lipase"

Front 29

Theophylline

Back 29

-long term for asthma
-inhibits phosphodiesterases and decreases cAMP hydrolysis
-usage is limited bc of the narrow therapeutix index
-causes dry mouth
-blocks actions of adenosine

Front 30

Ketamine

Back 30

-Arycyclohexylamines used for IV anesthesia
-PCP analogs that act as dissociative anesthetics. Blocks NMDA receptors. Cardio stimulants. Cause diorentation, hallucinations and bad dreams. Increase cerebral blood flow.

Think of Alice in wonderland's key

Front 31

Bleomycin clincial use

Back 31

Testicular cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma (Part of the ABVD regimen for Hodgkin's)

B for Balls

Front 32

Bleomycin toxicity

Back 32

Pulmonary fibrosis, skin changes but minimal myelosuppression

When you rub Balls guys get flushed (skin changes) and breath heavy (pulmonary fibrosis)

Front 33

Mechanism of Bleomycin?

Back 33

Gs-phase specific. Induces formation of free radicals which cause breaks in DNA

"Bleomycin Breaks DNA"

Front 34

Dactinomycin (actinomycin D)

Back 34

-Intercalactes in DNA
-Wilm's tumor, Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma. Used for childhood tumors. Toxic myelosuppression

"children ACT out"

Front 35

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin, daunorubicin) mechanism

Back 35

generate free radicals. Noncovalently intercalate in DNA --> breaks in DNA --> decrease replication

The Doxin ran free

Front 36

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin, daunorubicin) clinical use

Back 36

part of the ABVD combination in Hodgkins. Myelomas, sarcomas, solid tumors (breast, ovary lung)

oh MY, the woman with the DOXin HOD big breasts

Front 37

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin, daunorubicin) toxicity

Back 37

cardiotoxicity. Toxic to tissues with extravasion

The Doxin, who had cancer, had a big heart

Front 38

Best drug to use for generalized anxiety?

Back 38

Busipirone (doesn't cause sedation, addiction or tolerance. Doesn't interact with alcohol

This drug is great! Gotta get on that BUS

Front 39

MAO inhibitors (list)

Back 39

Phenelzine, tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid, selegiline

"Phez the Trany is Selective"

Front 40

Clinical use of MAO inhibitors?

Back 40

Atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis

Front 41

Toxicity of MAO inhibitors?

Back 41

Hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion (in many foods, such as wine and cheese) and B-agonists. CNS stimulation. C/I with SSRIs or meperidine

Front 42

SNRIs

Back 42

-Venlafaxine, duloxetine
-inhibit serotonin and NE reuptake

Duel for Vengence to stop the serotonin and NE!

Front 43

Trazodone

Back 43

-inhibits serotonin reuptake. Used for insomnia
-causes sedation, nausea, priapism and postural hypotension


trazBONE

Front 44

Bupropion

Back 44

-smoking cessation
-increase NE and dopamine
-causes stimulant effects, headache and seizure in bulimic pts
-no sexual side effects

Don't use Bupropion in Bullemics

Front 45

Drug used to treat onychomycosis?
-Mechanism of this drug?

Back 45

Terbinafine.
inhibits the fungal enzyme squalene epoxidase

"wrap the TURBINE around your nails and SQUash the fungus out of them"

Front 46

Drug thats an oral treatment of superficial infections such as tinea and wring worm?

Back 46

Griseofulvan

"greasy fulcrum"

Front 47

Mechanism of Griseofulvan?

Back 47

Interfers with microtubule function: dirupts mitosis. Deposits in keratin-containing tissues (nails)

Greasy fulcrum gets rid of dermatophyte infections on your "toesis" (mitosis)

Front 48

Nyastatin mechanism and use?

Back 48

Binds to ergosterol disrupting fungal membranes. Too toxic for systemic use

"swish and swallow" for oral candidiasis (thrush); topical for diaper rash or vaginal candidiasis

Front 49

Mechanism of Amphotericin B?

Back 49

Binds to ergostol; forms membrane pores that allow leakage of eletrolytes

Think of a frog blowing up the fungal membrane and also the kidney (nephrotoxicity)

Front 50

Toxicity of Amphotericin B?

Back 50

Fever/chills ("shake and Bake"), hypotension, nephrotoxicity, arrythmias, anemia, IV phlebitis.

'When some people see amphibians their faces go white (anemia), they get the chills, and their heart jumps"

Front 51

Methotrexate mechanism

Back 51

-Folic acid analog that inhibits dihyfrofolate reductase--> decreases dTMP ---> decreases DNA and decreases protein synthesis

"REX the METH head did not eat enough protein bc all he ate were folic acid vitamins he found"

Front 52

Clinical use of MTX?

Back 52

Cancers: Leukemias, Lymphomas, Choriocarcinoma, sarcomas.
non-neoplastic: abortion, ectopic pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis

Front 53

Toxicity of MTX

Back 53

REX the METH head had a really bad liver because even though he didn't eat protein he was really fat (macrovescular fatty change in liver). He's icky and has mouth ulcers and you don't want him near your baby! (mucositis; teratogenic)

Front 54

Tricyclic antidepressant side effects

Back 54

sedation: alpha effects, atropine-like side effects (ant-muscarinic). Can cause rapid shift to mania

Desipramine is the least sedating and has lower seizure threshold.

i.e. Tremor, insomnia, conduction defects, arrythmias, hypotension, hyperthermia, flushing, dilated pupils. histamine (sedation)

Front 55

Lithium side effects?

Back 55

LMNOP
Movement
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
HypOthyroidism
Pregnancy problems

Front 56

Antibiotics to avoid in pregnancy

Back 56

Sulfonamides - Kernicterus
Aminoglycosides - ototoxicity
Flouroquinolones - cartilage damge
Erythromycin - acute cholestatic hepatitis in mom
Metronidazole - mutogenesis
Tetracyclines - discolored teeth, inhibition of bone growth
Ribavirin - teratogenic
Griseofulvin - teratogenic
Chloramphenicol - gray baby

SAFE Moms Take Really Good Care

-"Sulfur turns babies yellow"
-"A mean guy hits babies' ears
-"the flock of sinners dance on tops of babies and damage their cartilage"
-A wreath is put on mommy's grave when she dies of hepatitis"
-"only mutants take the metro"
-"the tet offensive has messed up teeth and bones"
-"greesy ribs are just not good for babies"