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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Brand names:
* Amoxil |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Therapeutic Class:
* Antibiotic |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Mechanism of Action:
an analog of ampicillin, is a semisynthetic antibiotic that inhibits the biosynthesis of cell wall mucopeptide. It is similar to penicillin with a broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against many strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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What Does It Fix?
* Ear, nose, and throat infection |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Don't Try This At Home...or Anywhere?
- serious hypersensitivity reactions, such as anaphylaxis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, to amoxicillin or to other beta-lactam antibiotics |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Usual Dosing for ADULTS:
* 250-500 mg every 8 hours * 500-875 mg BID * EXTENDED RELEASE tablet 775mg QDAY |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Usual Dosing for PEDIATRICS: (10 day max)
> 3 months of age: Ear Infection (Mild): - 25 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 12 hours or 20 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours
Ear Infection (Severe) & Lower Resp. Tract: -45 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 12 hours
Neonates- 12 weeks: 30 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Dosage Forms:
Capsule, Powder for Suspension, Tablet, |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Administration of Drug:
Oral * (regular-release formulations) may be taken with or without food |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Common Adverse Side Effects:
* Dermatologic: Rash
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What is Amoxicillin? |
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Severe Adverse Side Effects:
* Dermatologic: Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Toxic epidermal necrolysis |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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More Usual Dosing for PEDIATRICS:
Acute Gonorrhea:
Prepubertal children: 50 mg/kg DRUG, combined with 25 mg/kg probenecid as a single dose. |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Tell Me About It Doc:
* Drug may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives with concurrent use. Recommend additional form of birth control. |
What is Amoxicillin? |
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Brand Names: * Augmentin * Augmentin ES-600 * Augmentin XR * Amoclan |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Therapeutic Class: * Antibiotic * Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor * Penicillin, Aminopenicillin |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Dosage Forms:
Tablet, Chewable Tablet, Powder for Suspension, Extended Release Tablet |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Mechanism of Action:
DRUG PART A is a semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotic that shows antibiotic activity against many microbes, however it is highly susceptible to inactivation by beta lactamases, and thus ineffective against bacteria that produce this enzyme. The addition of DRUG PART B acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, protects DRUG PART A against degradation by beta lactamases, and extends the antibiotic spectrum compared with DRUG PART A alone. DRUG combinations demonstrate antimicrobial efficacy against various gram (+) and gram (-) organisms, and select anaerobes |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Administration of the Drug:
* take at the start of a meal; absorption decreased on an empty stomach |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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What Does It Fix?
* Acute otitis media (Middle Ear infection) |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Don't Try This At Home...or Anywhere!!
* concomitant use of extended-release tablets with hemodialysis |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Usual Dosage for ADULTS:
* (1) 500-mg tablet of DRUG every 12 hours or (1) 250 mg tablet of DRUG every 8 hours * 125 mg/5 mL or 250 mg/5 mL suspension in place of the 500-mg tablet
More Severe Infection: *(1) 875-mg tablet of DRUG every 12 hours or (1) 500-mg tablet of DRUG every 8 hours. *200 mg/5 mL suspension or the 400 mg/5 mL suspension may be used in place of the 875-mg tablet |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Usual Dosage for PEDIATRICS:
Neonates - 3 months: * 30 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours or use of the 125 mg/5 mL oral suspension is recommended
Suspension- 3 months < : * 200 MG/5 ML OR 400 MG/5 ML ORAL SUSPENSION every 12 hours or 125 MG/5 ML OR 250 MG/5 ML ORAL SUSPENSION |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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MORE Usual Dosing for PEDIATRICS:
Severe 3 months < : 45 mg/kg/day every 12 hours or 40 mg/kg/day every 8 hours
Less Severe 3 months < : 25 mg/kg/day every 12 hours or 20 mg/kg/day every 8 hours |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Adverse Side Effects:
Common: * Dermatologic: Diaper rash, Rash |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Tell Me About It Doc:
* Drug may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives with concurrent use. Recommend additional form of birth control. |
What is Amoxicillin/ Clavulanate? |
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Brand Names: * Veetids * Truxcillin VK |
What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Therapeutic Class: * Antibiotic * Penicillin, Natural |
What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Mechanism of Action:
DRUG, an antibacterial agent, is a penicillin G phenoxymethyl analog which is active against penicillin-sensitive microorganisms including staphylococci (except penicillinase-producing strains), streptococci, and pneumococci. It inhibits cell wall mucopeptide biosynthesis |
What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Dosage Forms:
Oral Powder for Suspension or Solution, Tablet |
What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Administration of Drug:
Oral * higher blood levels when administered in fasted state, however, may be given with food* (solution) shake well before measuring each dose |
What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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What Does it Fix?
* Bacterial endocarditis, In patients with congenital heart disease or rheumatic or other acquired valvular heart disease; Prophylaxis |
What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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What MORE Does It Fix?
* Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue (Mild), Staphylococcal |
What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Don't try this at Home...or Anywhere? * hypersensitivity to DRUG |
What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Adverse Side Effects:
Common: * Gastrointestinal: Black hairy tongue, Diarrhea, Epigastric discomfort, Nausea, Vomiting
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What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Tell Me About It Doc:
* Tell your doctor if you are allergic to DRUG class, or if you have asthma, kidney disease, a bleeding or blood clotting disorder, a history of diarrhea caused by taking antibiotics, or a history of any type of allergy * Drug may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives with concurrent use. Recommend additional form of birth control. * Can cause diarrhea. *Take this medication for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor. * Take on an empty stomach.
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What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Usual Dosing for ADULTS:
Streptococcal infections—mild to moderately severe: 125 to 250 mg (200,000 to 400,000 units) every 6 to 8 hours for 10 days
Pneumococcal infections—mild to moderately severe: 250 to 500 mg (400,000 to 800,000 units) every 6 hours until the patient has been afebrile for at least 2 days.
Staphylococcal infections & Fusospirochetosis—mild infections of skin and soft tissue: 250 to 500 mg (400,000 to 800,000 units) every 6 to 8 hours.
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What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Usual Dosing for PEDIATRICS:
Pneumococcal infections Prophylaxis: <5 years: 125 mg PO q12hr
Pneumococcal Systemic: <12 years * 50-75 mg/kg/day PO q6-8hr ; MAX 3 g/day
Streptococcal infections:Children: 250 mg PO q8-12hr for 10 days
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What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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MORE Usual Dosing for ADULTS:
For the prevention of recurrence following rheumatic fever and/or chorea: 125 to 250 mg (200,000 to 400,000 units) twice daily on a continuing basis.
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What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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More Usual Dosing for PEDIATRICS:
Rheumatic Fever And Recurrent: Primary prevention <5 years: 125 mg q12hr PO for 10 days >5 years: 250 mg q12hr PO for 10 days
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What is Penicillin VK/ Pencillin 5 Potassium? |
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Brand Names: * Furadantin |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Therapeutic Class: * Antibiotic * Nitrofuran |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Dosage Forms:
Oral suspension |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Mechanism of Action:
Systemic: DRUG, a synthetic, broad-spectrum, weakly acidic antibacterial, is generally bactericidal at therapeutic concentrations. Therapeutic concentrations are achieved only in the urine. The mechanism of antimicrobial action is unique among antibacterials. DRUG is reduced by bacterial flavoproteins to reactive intermediates, which inactivate or alter bacterial ribosomal proteins and other macromolecules.
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What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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MORE About the Mechanism of Action:
* These inactivations or alterations of bacterial ribosomal proteins and macromolecules cause the inhibition of vital biochemical processes of aerobic energy metabolism and the syntheses of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), cell wall, and protein. The fact that DRUG interferes with a variety of bacterial processes may explain the lack of acquired bacterial resistance to DRUG. The multiple and simultaneous mutations of the target macromolecules that would be required to achieve resistance would probably be lethal to the bacteria. |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Administration of Drug:
* Take with food |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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What Does It Fix? * Urinary tract infectious disease * Urinary tract infectious disease; Prophylaxis |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Don't Try This At Home...Or Anywhere? * anuria; risk of DRUG toxicity * cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction associated with previous DRUG therapy * known hypersensitivity to DRUG * labor and delivery or when onset of labor is |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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STILL Don't Try This At Home...or Anywhere? * imminent due to risk of hemolytic anemia [2] * neonates less than 1 month of age due to risk of hemolytic anemia * oliguria; risk of DRUG toxicity * pregnancy at term (38 to 42 weeks gestation) due to risk of hemolytic anemia * significant renal impairment with CrCl less than 60 mL/min or clinically significant elevated serum creatinine due to risk of DRUG toxicity |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Adverse Side Effects:
Common: * Gastrointestinal: Loss of appetite, Nausea and vomiting* Hematologic: Hemolytic anemia * Hepatic: Cholestatic jaundice syndrome, Hepatic necrosis, Hepatitis * Immunologic: Hypersensitivity reaction * Neurologic: Peripheral neuropathy, Pseudotumor cerebri * Respiratory: Interstitial pneumonia, Pulmonary fibrosis, Pulmonary hypersensitivity |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Tell Me About It Doc: * Drug may cause brown-colored urine. * This drug may cause loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, or hemolytic anemia. * Instruct patient to report signs/symptoms of hepatic dysfunction, or neuropathy. * Tell patients on therapy for 6 months or longer to report signs of adverse pulmonary effects such as malaise, dyspnea on exertion, cough, or signs of diffuse interstitial pneumonitis or fibrosis. * Patient should take drug with food. |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Usual Dosing for ADULTS: * Urinary tract infectious disease: 50 to 100 mg ORALLY 4 times/day for 1 week or at least 3 days after urine is sterile * Urinary tract infectious disease; Prophylaxis: 50 to 100 mg ORALLY every night |
What is Nitrofurantoin? |
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Usual Dosing for PEDIATRICS:
* Urinary tract infectious disease: (1 month or older)
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What is Nitrofurantoin? |
