Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Chloramphenicol
|
Salmonella typhi (Typhoid)
other Salmonella infections Rickettsia infections (when tetracycline is contraindicated) |
|
|
Gray syndrome (in infants) is an adverse reaction to
|
Chloramphenicol
(infants lack glucuronic acid conjugation detoxification mechanism) |
|
|
Tetracycline
|
Mycoplasma
Chlamydiae Riskettsia infections Brucellosis leptospirosis (sometimes + aminoglycoside) severe acne |
|
|
adverse reactions to tetracyclines
|
GI irritation
liver damage depress development of bone and teeth should not be given during pregancy and up to 8 yrs transient renal dysfunction phototoxic reaction: photosensitization and severe sunburn |
|
|
Chloramphenicol
|
Salmonella typhi (Typhoid)
other Salmonella infections Rickettsia infections (when tetracycline is contraindicated) |
|
|
Gray syndrome (in infants) is an adverse reaction to
|
Chloramphenicol
(infants lack glucuronic acid conjugation detoxification mechanism) |
|
|
Tetracycline
|
Mycoplasma
Chlamydiae Riskettsia infections Brucellosis leptospirosis (sometimes + aminoglycoside) severe acne |
|
|
adverse reactions to tetracyclines
|
GI irritation
liver damage depress development of bone and teeth should not be given during pregancy and up to 8 yrs transient renal dysfunction phototoxic reaction: photosensitization and severe sunburn |
|
|
ceftriazidime
|
Pseudomonas
|
|
|
ceftriaxone
|
gonorrhea
meningitis (b/c ceftriaxone has excellent penetration into the CSF) |
|
|
cefepine
|
pseudomonas
gram-positive organisms |
|
|
imipenem
|
enterobacter
|
|
|
vancomycin
|
Clostridum difficle
MRSA |
|
|
tetracyclines (doxycycline)
|
VACUUM THe BedRoom
Vibrio cholerae, acne, Chlamydia, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Tularemia, H. pylori, Borrelia burgdorferi, Rickettsia |
|
|
Macrolides
(erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin) |
URIs, pneumonias, STDs - gram positive cocci (streptococcal infections in patients allergic to penicillin) myocoplasma, legionella, chlamydia, neisseria
|
|
|
Chloramphenicol
|
Meningitis (H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumonaie)
|
|
|
Clindamycin
|
anaerobic infections (Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium perfringens)
|
|
|
Sulfonamies
|
gram positive, gram neg., Nocardia, Chlamydia, simple UTIs
|
|
|
Trimethoprim
|
recurrent UTIs, Shigella, Salmonella, Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii) pneumonia
|
|
|
fluoroquinolnes
|
gram-negative rodes of urinary and GI tracts (including Pseudomonas), Neisseria (gonorrhea),
|
|
|
metronidazole
|
anaerobic infections below the diaphram
(Giardia, Entamoeba, Trichomonas, Gardnerella vaginalis, Bacteroides, Clostridium) |
|
|
metronidazole + bismuth and amoxicillin
|
H. pylori
|
|
|
isoniazid
|
mycobacteria tuberculosis
|
|
|
rifampin
|
mycobacteria (tuberculosis, leprae, avium-intracellulare)
|
|
|
linezolid and streptogramins (quinupristin/dalfopristin)
|
VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococcus)
|
|
|
amphotericin B
|
wide spectrum of systemic mycoses
Cryptococcus, Blastomyces, Coccidioides, aspergillus, histoplasma, candida, mucor |
|
|
Mystatin
|
oral candidiasis (thrush)
topical for diaper rash or vaginal candidiasis |
|
|
Fluconazole
|
cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS patients (b/c it can cross blood brain barrier)
candidal infections of all types (i.e., yeast infections) |
|
|
ketoconazole
|
Blastomyces, coccidioides, histoplasma, candida albicans
|
|
|
Clotrimazole
|
topical fungal infections
|
|
|
miconazole
|
topical fungal infections
|
|
|
Flucytosine
|
systemic fungal infections (e.g. Candida, Cryptococcus) in combination with amphotericin B
|
|
|
Caspofungin
|
invasive aspergillosis
|
|
|
Terbinafine
|
dermatophytoses (especially onychomycosis - nail infections)
|
|
|
Griseofulvin
|
oral treatment of superficial infections (dermatophytes)
|
|
|
sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim
|
Pneumocystis carinii (jiroveci) pneumonia
|
|
|
Penicillin G and Penicillin V
|
Bactericidal for gram-positive cocci, gram-positive rods, gram-negative cocci (Neisseria meningitidis) and spirochetes (Treponema)
|
|
|
Aztrenom is a ______ active against gram _____ bacteria
|
monobactam (monocyclic beta lactam)
gram-negative |
|
|
Chloramphenicol
|
H. influenzae and N. meningitidis, groad spectrum agains gram negatives, most anaerobes
|
|
|
Chloramphenicol
|
Salmonella infections (including S. typhi
alternative to tetracycline |
|
|
Tigecycline
|
Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobes including vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and MRSA
Skin and soft tissue infections as well as intra-abdominal infections |
|
|
Streptomycin
|
+ isoniazid for mycobacteria (TB)
+ penicillin for endocarditis + tetracycline for plague tularemia |
|
|
Kanamycin and Neomycin
|
given for preoperative reduction of gut flora
|
|
|
Kanamycin IM (aminoglycoside)
|
bacteremia by gram-negatives
|
|
|
gentamicin
|
gram negative meningitis
|
|
|
spectinomycin
|
alternative to ceftriaxone for gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhaeae)
|
|
|
polymyxin (Colistin)
|
pseudomonas and coli
resistant gram negative infections |
|
|
Fosfomycin
|
Used as a single dose in treatment of uncomplicated lower UTI’s in women
Appears safe for use in pregnancy |
|
|
Metronidazole
|
Active only against obligate anaerobes (Bacteroides, actinomyces, Clostridium)
B. fragilis particularly for endocarditis and CNS abscesses first choice for C. difficile colitis Used for preoperative preparation of the colon |
|
|
macrolides
|
corynebacterium diphtheriae
legionnaires's disease |
|
|
Clindamycin
|
anaerobic pneumonias
gram positive bone infections + aminoglycoside for penetrating wounds of abdomen |
|
|
nitrofurantoin
|
UTIs
|
|
|
Methenamine mandelate & hippurate
|
UTIs
Methenamine releases formaldehyde which is antibacterial. Do not use with sulfonamides which form insoluble compounds with formaldehyde |
|
|
Nalidixic acids & Oxolinic acids (Fluoroquinoles)
|
coliform UTIs
|
|
|
quinolones
|
Urinary tract infections including Ps. aeruginosa.
Enteritis (Salmonella, Campylobacter & E.coli traveler's diarrhea). Gonococcal urethritis or pharyngitis. Gram -ve Bone Infections (eg. Pseudomonas). Respiratory, gynecological, soft tissue infections. (eg. Legionella). |
|
|
sulfasalazine
|
ulcerative colitis
UTIs from gram positive cocci or E. coli comatose patients with meningitis |
|
|
Trimethoprim (Oral or IV with sulfamethoxazole )
|
for urinary tract infections, otitis media, chronic bronchitis, shigellosis & Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
|
