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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the process of movement of drug from the site of administration into the systemic system
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absorption
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a conjugated reaction involveing the hepatic enzyme acetyl transferace, which metabolizes and inactivates amines, hydrazines and sulfonamides
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acetylation
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the adhesion of drug molecules to the surface of another substance by physical or chemical attractions
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adsorption
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the degree to which a drug or the substance reach the general circulation and becomes available to the target organ or tissue.
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bioavailability
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the metabolism of drugs by reactions such as oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, or conjugation
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biotransformation
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the most serious warning required by the FDA on drug labels
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black box warning
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a ultienzyme system inthe smooth endoplasmic reticulum of numerous tissues that involved inthe hase I of liver detoxification and is the major catalyst of drug biotransformation reactions
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cytochrome P-450 enzyme system
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the result of the action between a drug and a nutritent that would not happen with the nutrient or the drug alone.
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drug-nutrient interaction
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substance added to a drug, such as a buffer, binder, filler, diluent, disintegrant, glidant, flavoring, dye, preservative, suspended agent, or coating: also called inactive ingredient
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excipient
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the amount of time it takes for blood concentration of a drug to decrease by one-half its steady state level.
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half life
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the study of the physiologic and biochemical effects of a drug or combinaton of drugs
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pharmacodynamics
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the study of genetically determined variations that are revealed soley by the effect of drug in the body
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pharmacogenomics
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the movement of a drug through the body by absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excreation
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pharmacokenetics
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a food-drug interaction involving granulation, gel formation, or separation of the enteral nutritional product when food and drug are combined.
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physical incompatibility
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the use of multiple drugs to treat one ore more health conditions.
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polypharmacy
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organic compounds, including tyramine, dopamine, phenylethylamine, and histamine, that cause vasoconstruction an increase in blood pressure.
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pressor agent
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the amount of a drug that is not bound to serum proteins, is able to leave the vasculature, and produce a pharmacologic effect at a target organ.
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unbound fraction
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adverse effect, reaction, or any undesirable outcome of a drug
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side effect
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what drug is an anticoagulant (blood thinner).
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Coumadin
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this vitamin decreases the effects of Coumadin
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vitamin K
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is an organic compound that is the first-line antituberculosis medication.
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isoniazid
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Peripheral neuropathy and Central Nervous System effects are associated with the use of isoniazid and are due to depleation of what nutrient.
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pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
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this drug is used to prevent heart attacks, strokes, and blood clots in veins and arteries.
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Coumadin
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They are primarily used in medicine to treat hypertension and edema often due to congestive heart failure or renal insufficiency.
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Loop diuretics - Lasix and Bumex
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Loop diuretics act on the Na+ K+ Cl symporter (cotransporter) in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle to inhibit reabsorption of what two minerals.
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sodium and Chloride
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Loop diuretics not only decrease reabsorption of Na and Cl but also of what two minerals.
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magnesium and calcium
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what drugs can quickly reduce inflammation and pain.
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Corticosteroids, also called glucocorticoids or just "steroids",
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Is a corticosteroids that is used by some arthritis patients to reduce inflammation and suppress immune system activity.
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prednisone
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this type of drugs help reduce cholesterol in the blood
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bile-acid sequestrants - questran
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because this questran absorb bile thus decreases the absorption of what nutrients.
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vitamin A, D, E, and K.
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what range for blood cholesterol is considered borderline and high
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borderline 170- 199 mg/dL
high 200mg/dL - + |
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what is the recommended blood HDL levels
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greater than or equal to 35 mg/dL
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what is the recommended blood triglycerides levels
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should be less than or equal to 150 mg/dL
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