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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Methylphenidate
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narcolepsy, ADD w/hyperactivity
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Atomoxetine
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nonscheduled, "nonstim", used in ADD-H, less effective than methylphenidate or amph
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Xanthines
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bronchial asthma, COPD, apnea of prem infant, diuresis, CHF, HAs, acute biliary colic, simple fatigue
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Doxapram, nikethamide
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ST injectable to stim of respiration
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Morphine
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powerful antitussive, mild-severe pain, chronic pain, surg adjunct, MI
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Epidural morphine
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analgesia w/o anesthesia
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Low dose codeine
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powerful antitussive with low S/Es
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Fentanyl
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pre and post op analgesic, adjunct to anesthesia
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fentanyl patches
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long duration, slow onset, chronic pain, post surg pain (not immed)
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Sulfentanil
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general anesthesia
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Remifentanil
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induction of anesthesia, gen anesthesia, post op anesthesia
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methadone, LAAM
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long lasting-24 hrs, opioid addiction, replace injectable/short dur drugs w/prob sedation
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Pentazocine, butorphanol, nalbuphine, buprenorphine
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lower inc of phys dependence (antagonists at high doses)
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Butorphanol
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nasal spray fast onset for migraine relief
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Naloxone (SA IV), naltrexone (oral), nalmefene (LL IV)
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reverse opiate overdose
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Naltrexone
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alcohol addiction, opiate addiction (must be opiate free)
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Ziconotide
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intrathecal route, good for severe pain unresponsive to opioids
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NSAIDS
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mild migraines, short duration (repeatable)
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Triptans
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less vasoconstrictive action, safer than ergots
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Beta blockers (DOC), valproic acid, CCBs
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prophylaxis for migraines
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Diazepam
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produces sedation needed for spasm Tx
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Cyclobenzaprine
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skeletal muscle relaxant
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Baclofen
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spasticity (esp spinal or periph originm MS or cerebral palsy)
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Dantrolene
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spasticity due to stroke, spinal cord injury, MS r cerebral palsy, Tx for malignant hyperthermia
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2nd gen-atypical antipsychotics
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DOC (but don't use clozapine first)
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1st gen (typical antipsychotics)-chlorpromazine, triflupromazine, fluphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene, haloperidol
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neuroleptic effect (val in aggressive/dangerous pts), nicknamed "major tranquilizers"
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Low D2 blockade (clozapine)
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most efficacious, no movement toxicity (but serious blood toxicity), seizures, inc TG, DM onset, weight , not first-line)
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2nd gen atypicals (clozapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone)
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better benefit against negative Sx, lower tardive dyskinesias/extrapyramidal s/e, lower/no endocrine effects
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Risperidone
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DOC, blocks D2 at high doses
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aripiprazole
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schizophrenia, bipolar disorder-acute mania, major depression, acute agitation
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quetiapine
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good for schizo pts w/HTN
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1st gen typicals
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psychosis, n/v (except thioridazine), intractable hiccough, gilles de la tourettes syndrome, choreas
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haloperidol
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DOC for acute episodes of schizophrenia, given IM for neuroleptic actions, for emergency psych use
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benzos
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used in early therapy as minor tranquilizers while antipsychotic action takes hold, minimal respiratory, CV and GI depression when used alone
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Chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, diazepam, flurazepam
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once daily dosing, lasts 1-3 days
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Alprazolam, estazolam, temazepam, lorazepam
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1 or 2 daily doses, lasts 10-20 hrs
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oxazepam, triazolam
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3 times dosing, lasts up to 8 hrs
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Flumazenil
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antidote for benzo overdose (displaces benzos from the allosteric binding site on the GABA receptor complex)
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buspirone
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no tolerance/phys dependence, no interaction with alcohol or other depressants, good for pts with alcohol/drug abuse Hx
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beta blockers
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mask Sx of anxiety w/o sedation (tremors, sweat, tachy, plapitations)
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antihistamines
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mask Sx of anxiety with sedation effects, used for pre-surg anxiety
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Levadopa
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Parkinsons (take after low protein meal or on empty stomach)
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Carbidopa
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minimized peripheral side effects and maximize central conversion of levodopa to dopamine
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Selegiline, rasagiline
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used in on-off phenomenon
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Trihexyphenidyl, benztropine
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lower inc of periph anticholinergic actions
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Levodopa with carbidopa
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reduces dose required of L-dopa, reduces peripheral/GI s/e's
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Amantidine
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possible progression slowing of neurodegen dz
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entacapone, tolcapone
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used in on-off effect
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beta blockers (propanolol)
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essential tremor
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dopamine blockers (haloperidol, phenothiazine)
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chorea, Tourettes
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Tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine
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blocks NDMA receptor to slow progression of neuronal loss of dementia, well-tolerated
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Vitamin E
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add to any dementia tx as antioxidant
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