Drug Concepts And Their Class

Front 1

Pharmacotherapeutics

Back 1

the use of drugs to alleviate the s/s of disease,delay or cure disease

Front 2

Pharmacodynamics

Back 2

what biologically active compunds do in the body

Front 3

pharmacokinetics

Back 3

what the body does to a drug

Front 4

4 components of pharmacokinetics

Back 4

absorption,distibution,metabolism and excretion

Front 5

absorbtion

Back 5

a drug transferred from its site of administration into the bloodstream

Front 6

name the routes of administration

Back 6

oral-PO
parenteral-IM,IV and SubQ
rectal
topical
inhalation

Front 7

Factors that influence drug absorption are

Back 7

drug formulation
route of administration
patient age
pregancy
disease states

Front 8

Will food in the stomach decrease or increase the rate of drug absorption when orally administered

Back 8

decrease

Front 9

drugs are _____ via the circulation to plasma and tissue binding site and the to the site of action and the organs of excretion

Back 9

distributed

Front 10

the process of making a drug more polar and water soluble

Back 10

metabolism

Front 11

It is found in liver cells and is responsible for metabolism of drugs

Back 11

cytochrome P450

Front 12

increase

Back 12

induce

Front 13

the degree to which a drug is able to induce maximal effects is

Back 13

efficacy

Front 14

any unexpected or unintended response to a therapeutic dose of a drug is an

Back 14

adverse effect

Front 15

the strength of a drug's binding to receptors is

Back 15

affinity

Front 16

drug,hormones, and neurotransmitters that activate receptors are called

Back 16

agonists

Front 17

a genetically determined unusual or abnormal response to a drug is

Back 17

idiosyncratic reaction

Front 18

opposite of the desire effect of a drug is a

Back 18

paradoxical reaction

Front 19

4 drug interactions

Back 19

additive
synergistic
potentiation
antagonism

Front 20

_____ _____ occur when the response elicited by the combined drugs is equal to the combined response of the individual drugs

Back 20

additive interactions

Front 21

A ___ ___ is elicited when the effects of the combined drugs are greater than the combined responses of the individual drugs

Back 21

synergistic interaction

Front 22

____ occurs when a drug that has nof effect itself enhances the effect of a second drug

Back 22

Potentiation

Front 23

_____ occurs when on drug inhibits the action of another drug

Back 23

antagonism

Front 24

the stronger the ____ for the receptor, the ____ the drug action

Back 24

affinity, longer

Front 25

Antagonism occurs when on drug ____ the action of another drug

Back 25

inhibits

Front 26

teratogenic drugs cause ___ ___

Back 26

fetal harm

Front 27

it is used for the treatment of chronic illnesses such as HTN

Back 27

maintenance therapy

Front 28

supplies the body with a substance needed to matain normal function

Back 28

supplemental therapy

Front 29

this substance may be needed either because it cannot be made by the body or because it is produced in insufficient quantity

Back 29

replacement therapy

Front 30

this is used to make the Pt. as comfortable as possible

Back 30

palliative Therapy

Front 31

It maintains the integrity of body functions while th Pt. is recovering from illness or trauma

Back 31

supportive therapy

Front 32

used when Pt. has dental procedures are performed in Pts. with mitral valve plrolapse and or Teflon grafts

Back 32

Prophylactic Therapy

Front 33

therapy that does not have a scientific basis but instead is based on experience

Back 33

Empiric Therapy

Front 34

predictable reactions to drug therapy

Back 34

adverse effects

Front 35

alteration of the action of one drug by another is

Back 35

drug interaction

Front 36

two drugs with similar actions are given together they can have

Back 36

additive effects

Front 37

two drugs administered together interact in such a way that their combined effects are greater than the sum of the effects for each drug given alone

Back 37

synergistic effects

Front 38

The combination of two drugs results in drug effects that are less than the sum of the effects for each drug given separately

Back 38

antagonistic effects

Front 39

also called drug misadventure

Back 39

adverse drug event(ADE)

Front 40

unexpected or undesirable and occurs at therapeutic drug dosages

Back 40

adverse drug reaction(ADR)

Front 41

A preventable situation in which there is a compromise in the 5 rights of drug administration

Back 41

medication error

Front 42

a permanent changes in the genetic composition of living organisms and consist of alterations in chromosome structure

Back 42

mutagenic effects

Front 43

what deficency can lead to hemolysis of RBC's when exposed to aspirin, sulfa drugs, antimalarials

Back 43

G6PD

Front 44

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency is abbreviated as

Back 44

G6PD

Front 45

increases gastic pH, preventing the breakdown of ketoconazole
and effects what phase of pharmakinetics?

Back 45

antacid with ketoconazole
Absorption

Front 46

both drugs compete for the same protein binding sites and effects what phase of pharmakinetics?

Back 46

warfarin with amiodarone
Distribution

Front 47

bothe drugs compete for the same hepatic enzymes
and effects what phase of pharmakinetics?

Back 47

erythromycin with cyclosporine
Metabolism

Front 48

inhibits the secretion of amoxicillin into the kidneys
and effects what phase of pharmakinetics?

Back 48

amoxicillin with probenecid
excretion

Front 49

Amoxicillin therapy can be enhanced if taken with

Back 49

probenecid

Front 50

decreased metaboslim of cyclosporins can lead to

Back 50

toxicity

Front 51

higher levels of free warfarin and amiodarone which can lead to an _____ in both drugs

Back 51

increase

Front 52

not permitted to mark a refill on the prescription is what category?

Back 52

C-11

Front 53

heroine, LSD, and marijuana are what category?

Back 53

C-1

Front 54

the nurse is aware that the ethical principle of "Do no harm" is known as:

Back 54

nonmaleficence

Front 55

an inert substance that is not a drug

Back 55

placebo

Front 56

protein albumin binding sites are ____ because of decreased protein.

Back 56

reduced

Front 57

in elderly the gastric pH is ____ acidic because of decreased hydrochloric acid production

Back 57

less

Front 58

fat content is increased because of decreased _______ and altered total body _____

Back 58

lean body mass
water