Driving - Defensive Driving

Front 1

Attributes of a defensive driver

Back 1

Following a system.
Remaining alert & thinking ahead.
Using all available information in planning actions.
Anticipating the actions of other road users.
Recognition of road and traffic hazards.
Avoiding distractions.
Being prepared to make split second decisions.

Front 2

Definition of "driving to a system"

Back 2

A system or drill, each feature of which is to be considered in sequence by the driver at the approach to any hazard.

Front 3

The system of vehicle control.
(The Hendon Method)

Back 3

Select Course.
Mirrors & Signals.
Brake.
Gears & Mirrors.
Evasive Action.
A1 or A2 Acceleration.
Be aware of skid risk.

Front 4

Driving plans and decisions are based upon 3 things

Back 4

What the driver can see.
What the driver cannot see.
The likelihood of the unexpected occurring.

Front 5

Cues that may alert that a vehicle is about to move.

Back 5

Indicators being turned on.
Slight movement of the steering wheel or wheels.
Lights turning on.
Exhaust smoke or steam.
A person sitting behind the steering wheel of a parked car.

Front 6

2 Cardinal rules for intersections.

Back 6

1. Never assume the other drive will give way. If in doubt, slow down or stop.
2. Before proceeding through intersections, look right, left then right again.

Front 7

5 Rules of seeing

Back 7

Aim high.
Get the big picture.
Keep the eyes moving.
Leave yourself an out.
Make sure other road users see you.

Front 8

Planning for changing conditions

Back 8

Traffic conditions
Type of road
Presence of pedestrians & cyclists
Standard / experience of the driver.
Nature of the load.

Front 9

Stopping distance equals

Back 9

Reaction distance + Braking distance.

Front 10

3 Rules of braking

Back 10

1. Brake only whilst travelling straight.
2. Vary brake pressure according to the road surface.
3. When descending, brake firmly on straights and lightly on curves.

Front 11

Causes of skidding

Back 11

Excessive speed in corners.
Harsh or jerky steering.
Hard acceleration.
Excessive braking.

Front 12

Maximising night vision

Back 12

Minimise light inside the vehicle.
Avoid looking directly at on-coming headlights.
Look to the near-side edge of the road.
Travel at a speed which allows you to stop within the range of your headlights.

Front 13

Places you must not park.

Back 13

On a footpath.
Between any parked vehicle and the centre of road.
In front of a driveway.
Within 1m of hydrant.
Within 3m of public letterbox.
In no parking areas.
In disabled parking bays.
Within 20m of controlled intersection.
Within 10m of uncontrolled intersection.
Within 20m of school/pedestrian crossing & bus stops.
Within 20m of a railway crossing.

Front 14

Hill parking

Back 14

Angle wheels in kerb.
Engage park brake.
Select opposing gear.