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161 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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question
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answer
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water hammer pulse
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named after victorian toy hammer, means bouncing, reverberating, distinctive and strong, and is noted in arteriovenous fistulas and aortic regurgitation
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the bell of the stethoscope is best for hearing what frequency sounds (low/high)
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low
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sharp thud at top end of blood pressure, followed by a swishing before you hear the thud again… the silent interval is known as…
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the auscultatory gap
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bp taken both sitting and standing checks for… (2)
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postural hypotension, orthostatic hypotension
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significant diff between bp on L and R arm suggests…
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vascular disease in the arteries of the upper extremities
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normal bp in child of 8
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below 100mmhg systolic
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mmhg means
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millimeters of mercury
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pulse of a 6 yr old
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> 100 bpm
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child respiration rate is…
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faster than an adult
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most common form of cancer is…
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skin cancer
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medical term for bulbous deformed nose
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rhinophyma
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lymph node in neck usually palpable in HEENT is called
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jugulodiagastric nerve
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top of the earloble is the…
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pinna (examine with otoscope…give it a tug!)
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function of the 3 bones in middle ear
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is to magnify sound and transmit it to the window of the inner cochlea
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structure that separates one side of nose to other
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collumnella
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t/f frontal sinus is fully developed in child of 6
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f
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whitish exudate on phaynx that does not scrape off w/ tongue blade is known as…
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leukoplakia and is often pre-cancerous
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if hypoglossal nerve is not functioning on 1 sside due to tumor or any reason tongue will deviate in which direction?
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towards the weakness (this is the 12th nerve)
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if vagus nerve is paralyzed…
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the uvula will deviate away from sick side towards healthy
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in abcde- what is a?
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assymetry
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with otoscope a skilled examiner is able to observe
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everything inside the ear
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honeylike crust staph infection of face is…
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impetigo
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butterfly like rash on face…
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lupus
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bulging eye…
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hyperthyroid
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the ridge across the sternum that locates where the 2nd rib attaches is…
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the angle of Louis
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how many ribs attach directly to the sternum…
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7
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normal breath sounds are …
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vesicular breath sounds
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t/f all the lung tissue is below clavicla
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f
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when fluid is in the lungs or fluid from heaert failure you hear are…
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increased in loudness
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auscultation in healthy patient you hear …
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all of the inspiration and part of expiration
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phrenitis is?
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the vibration the examiners hand feels when on the pt's chest
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rales are heard with?
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pneumonia and heart failure
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where are the clearest breath sounds heard?
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beack of chest in space betw the scapula and spinal column
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smaller pollution is _____dangerious than bigger particles?
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more
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Causes of dyspnea are…
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airway prob, lung parenchyma, heart prob, and hyperdynamic states like preg
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pectus carinum is a …
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pigeon breast
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causes decreased or absent breath sounds..
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collapsed lung, pneumothorax or pleural effusion or pneumonia
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orthopnea means..
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shortness of breath while laying down
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most common cause of dyspnea is…
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anxiety
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what is the missing linkn to attaining success as Acu-doc
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not establishing relationships with western doc
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3 of the 4 pillars are…
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recognizing red flag cases, accurate assessment of pt's , clear communication back to referring physician
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what kind of memory do you use when you tell someone your ss #?
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recall memory
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diabetic pt's complication
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acidosis, hyperglycemia, microcirculatory prob, retinal disease
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what is top cause for law suit against OM?
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infraction of professional boundaries with patients, students
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which is an acute red flag, requ treatment today?
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impending HT attack and cat bite on the finger
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spot of blood in the bra is…
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subacute red flag
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when you recall memory with a prompt, such as looking at a yearbook that is….
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recollection memory
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APGAR score is taken when
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right after the cord is cut and five minutes after birth
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APGAR stands for..
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A=appearance, P=Pulse, G=Grimace, A=Activity, R=Respiration
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bluish color of hands/feet is…
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acrocyanosis
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Baby born with Tetrology of Fallot will be…
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cyanotic at birth and require immediate heart surgery
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if baby has complete cleft pallate…
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needs urgent surgery to avoid aspirating food, will also have cleft lip, and require surgical correction
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talipes equionvarus means
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club foot
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blood test preggers woman gets to check for abnormalities is known as
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the alpha fetoprotein est
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spina bifida
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can present in different ways (not always a cyst on the outside of the back)
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normal bp of children is above 100mmhg until after 10 years old (t/f)
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FALSE
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Moro reflex in a new born child …
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looks like the child is trying to hold on to something with his/her arms… no longer present in older children…primitive reflex… illicited by startling the infant by dropping him/her
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prozac effexor and wellbutrin are
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ssri's
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ritalin treats
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adhd
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ritalin is
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a stimulant that focuses and decreases agitation and is in the same class of drugs as dexadrine
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barbiturates
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have been around since 1920, popular sleeping pill in 60s/70s, caused people to attempt suicide
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alupent and ventolin treat…
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asthma
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beta blockers
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block the sympathetic nervous system… part or all… slow the heart, are used to treat PAT
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the monoclonal antibody drug used in refractory cases of asthma given by injection is called
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xolair
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MAOIs are…
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the feel good neurotransmitters
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anhedonia is…
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loss of ability enjoy life or take pleasure
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schedule 1 drugs cannot be prescribed because of …
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their abuse potential
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food supplements must contain a disclaimer by the FDA and cannot be designated to treat a condition (t/f)
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t
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clinical drug trials have
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4 phases and cost up to 10s of millions of dollars and can take up to 10 years
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digitalis was first used…
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18th century
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in heart failure, digitalis works by
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increased force of heart contractions, increase kidney perfusion, reduce edema
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digitalis has many side effects
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t
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most commonly used drug for angina is
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nitroglycerin
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a heart attack shows on which part of the ecg cycle
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the ST cycle
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verapamil is a
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calcium channel blocker used to treat heart disease
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Tagamet Cimetadine was the first blockbuster drug to earn a billion dollars (t/f)
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t
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flagyl (metronidazole) treats
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trichomonas vaginalis and giardia
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scabies and lice are treated with
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lindane shampoo
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the government stockpiles what 2 drugs in case of flu epidemic
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tamiflu and relenza
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what bacteria causes tb
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acid fast bacteria
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bacteria are involved in most cases of ulcers
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t
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badly damaged knee or ankle joints in patients who cant feel pain is …
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charcot joint
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what compounds are secreted by brain cells to lessen acute pain
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beta endorphins and enkephalons
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serotonin in brain…
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increases sensation of pain and enhances ability to cope
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gate theory of pain perception, what is the structure in the spinal column that moderates pain sensation
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substantia gelatinosa
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according to gate and sensory thoeries of pain, what makes pain more intense…
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expecting it or being depressed
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cluster/histamine headaches are…
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very severe and affect men more than women
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trigeminal neuralgia
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affects more women than men, is extremely severe, caused by pulsating blood vessel next to nerve, also called tic delereux
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the headache that begins with an aura is..
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migraine
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how much a patient cries out in pain is helpful in measuring pain, t/f
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f
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the mcgill pain questionairre describes…
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pain with 70-80 descriptions such as pricking stabbing
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the social aspect of pain scale is called
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the yale pain inventory
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the 1-10 pain scale is called
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the harvard pain scale
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which is the substance that causes the sensation of pain at site of injury
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bradykinin
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a soft murmur in a healthy person/olympic athlete
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is always systolic and does not suggest heart disease
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when one of 4 valves is leaking this is known as
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regurgitation
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mitral regurgitation sounds are heard best in which intercostal space
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the 5th ics…no lubb before the murmur
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loud diamond shaped systolic murmur in 2nd ics on patients right side is….
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aortic stenosis
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diastolic murmurs indicate the presence of heart disease t/f
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t
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an early diastolic decrescendo murmur heard over the aortic valve location on the chest is …
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aortic regurgitation
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Elavil:
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tricyclic antidepressant
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Nardil:
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monoamine oxidase inhibitor
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Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil
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SSRI’s
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stimulants for treating ADHD
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Dexadrine, Ritalin:
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: to treat Parkinson’s disease
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Levodopa, carbidopa:
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Phenobarbital, sodium pentothal:
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barbiturates (sedatives and anti-anxiety drugs)
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Valium, Xanax:
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benzodiazepines (anti anxiety)
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Morphine, Demerol, Oxycontin, Methadone:
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strong narcotics
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Codeine, hydrocodone , oxycodone, Vicodin (hydrocodone and Tylenol):
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weaker narcotics
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NSAIDS
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Tylenol, aspirin, Alleve, Advil, Motrin:
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Narcan:
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narcotic antagonist
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Alupent, Ventolin:
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bronchodilators used in asthma
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Singulair, Xolair:
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used in asthma
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Diuril:
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diuretic used in hypertension (also causes potassium loss)
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Aldactone:
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potassium sparing diuretic used in hypertension and heart failure
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Lasix:
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powerful diuretic used in heart failure
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Minipress, Flomax:
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alpha sympathetic blockers used in hypertension and urinary tract blockage (Flomax)
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Inderol, Lopressor:
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beta sympathetic blockers used in heart failure and rapid heart rates (SVT)
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Digitalis, digoxin:
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used in heart failure
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Verapamil, Procardia:
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calcium channel blockers used in heart failure and rapid heart rates (SVT)
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Enalapril, lisinipril:
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ACE inhibitors used in heart failure
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Cozaar:
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angiotensin II receptor blocker used in heart failure
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Nitroglycerin, Isordil:
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nitrates used in angina (coronary artery disease)
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Prilosec, Nexium:
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proton pump inhibitors used in gastritis, peptic ulcers, GERD
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Tagamet, Zantac:
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H2 histamine blockers, used in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease
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Metronidazole (Flagyl) and doxycycline:
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antibiotics used to treat peptic ulcers
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Metamucil, Dulcolax, Senakot, Colace, Milk of Magnesia:
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laxatives
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Mycostatin, Ketaconazole
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antifungal gents
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Isoniazid:
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used in TB
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Relenza, Tamiflu, Valcyclovir (Valtrex):
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antiviral agents (know about them)
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Keflex, Penicillin, Vancomycin, Cipro, Sulfa, Augmentin, gentamycin
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antibiotics (know about what they’re used for)
bacterial infections |
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Quinine, Chloroquin:
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: anti malarial agents
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Flagyl, Vermox
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antiparasitic agents (know what they are used for)
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Lindane shampoo (Kwell):
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used for head lice, scabies
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dopamine, epinephrine. norepinephrine, and serotonin.
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feel-good neurotransmitters:
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: acetylcholine, GABA
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other major neurotransmitters
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beta-endorphin, enkephalin, dynorphin
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endogenous opiates
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: bradykinin, prostaglandin, substance P, histamine, leukotrines (secreted by white cells)
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peptide compounds involved in pain:
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Women develop eggs durine their lifetime?
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False, about 400 eggs that she is born with are released
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In fertilization: what is responsible for releasing hyaluronidase?
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nhyaluronidase to penetrate the zona pellucida surrounding the egg
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What is the normal pulse for a child under 10?
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Pulse stays over 100 until age 10, then goes below 100
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What is the normal BP for a child under 10?
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Systolic BP stays below 100 until age 10, then goes above 100.
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What is the normal respiration rate for a child of 12?
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Respiration rate stays above 12 until age 12, then goes to 12.
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Noonan's symdrome
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scoliosis, web neck, pectus carinum and excavatum, mental problems, heart problems
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Where is the grey matter in the brain?
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The largest part of the brain is the outer covering of grey matter that is called the cerebral cortex
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In what system do we have our “experiences” emotions and determines mood and feelings?
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limbic
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What are the 3 D's in a mental exam?
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disorientation, delirium, and dementia
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What does MMSE stand for and how is it used?
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mini mental state exam
diagnosing memory related issues |
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Valcyclovir
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Herpes
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Flagyl
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Trichimonis, giardia and vaginal bacterial infections
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Tamiflu
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Oseltavir- treat flu in adult and children over 1 who have not had symptoms over 2 days
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Relenza in the inhalant zanamovir
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adults and kids over age 7 to treat flu
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Vermox
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Mebendazole, an antiworm medication, kills parasites. It is used to treat roundworm, hookworm, pinworm, whipworm, and other worm infections
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What do ossicles do?
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They connect the eardrum of the vestibule to the cochlea
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What are the ABCDE of melanoma?
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A: asymmetry of the lesion (as opposed to oval or round birth marks)
B: borders are irregular C: color variation D: diameter greater than 6 mm E: evolution: history of evolving from a mole, with progressive changes |
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The role of the turbinates in the respiratory system?
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inferior: responsible for airflow direction, humidification, heating and filtering of the air thru the nose
middle: project downward and act as buffers to protect sinuses from coming in direct contact pressurized nasal airflow superior: protect olefactory bulb |
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1. Aortic stenosis
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-sounds like a little lubb-bzzZZzz-dupp,lubb-bzzZZzz-dupp. Often radiates into the neck along the carotid arteries.
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* 2. Mitral regurgitation -
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sounds like zzzzzzz-dupp, zzzzzzz-dupp = no sounds coz the mitral valve is weaked and doesn’t close properly.
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* 3. Aortic regurgitation -
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sounds like lubb-dupp-bzzzz, lubb-dupp-bzzzz. The aortic valve is not close properly, it is leaking back intothe ventricle after its closes.
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4. Mitral stinosis -
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sounds like bzz lubb-dupp, bzz lubb-dupp.
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