Dosage Forms Exam3

Front 1

Suppositories are a _________ dosage form

Back 1

solid

Front 2

Suppositories are usually ___________

Back 2

medicated

Front 3

typical weight of rectal suppositories

Back 3

2gm

Front 4

typical weight of vaginal suppositories

Back 4

5gm

Front 5

typical weight of femal urethral suppositories

Back 5

2gm

Front 6

typical weight of a male urethral suppository

Back 6

4gm

Front 7

typical weight of a pediatric suppository

Back 7

1gm

Front 8

The use of a suppository is to administer drugs for either ____________ or _____________ application

Back 8

systemic or local

Front 9

T/F:
One of the advantages of using suppositories over the oral form is that the acidic pH of the stomach or enzymes will destroy the drug.

Back 9

true

Front 10

T/F:
Another advantage over oral drug therapy is that in oral therapy drugs can be destroyed by first liver passage

Back 10

true

Front 11

After rectal insertion: ______ to ________% of the drug will be absorbed into blood circulation

Back 11

50-70%

Front 12

The drug is absorbed via the __________ hemorrhoidal vein, the _____ HV and the ________ HV

Back 12

inferior, middle, superior

Hint 12

bottom to the top

Front 13

some examples of systemic action suppositories are: hemorrhoid, fungal, bacterial, chronic inflammation, constipation

Back 13

false- these are examples of local action suppositories

Hint 13

think about the speed involved in local vs. systemic

Front 14

If you mix a hydrophobic drug and a hydrophobic base, you will see a _________ release.

Back 14

slow

Hint 14

speed

Front 15

if you mix a hydrophilic drug with a hydrophobic base, you will see a ___________ release

Back 15

faster

Hint 15

speed

Front 16

fatty bases are _________ bases

Back 16

oleaginous

Front 17

water soluble bases are also known as _______ bases

Back 17

miscible

Front 18

three things make up the composition of a suppository. They are: _______________, ________________, ___________

Back 18

active ingredient, additives, suppository base

Hint 18

medicine, emulsifiers, preservatives, main substance to form

Front 19

Some local action medications used in suppositories include: _______________, _______________, ___________, ____________

Back 19

clotrimazole,framycetin, bismuth subgallate,hydrocortison

Hint 19

antifungal,antibacterial,astringent,anti-inflammation

Front 20

T/F: using propanolol via suppository can be better because of its low bioavailability. Orally, it has a high first pass effect and is almost gone

Back 20

true

Front 21

a systemic suppository used for GI irritation would be ____________________

Back 21

indomethacin

Front 22

a systemic suppository used for nausea would be _________________

Back 22

domperidone

Front 23

a systemic suppository used for an analgesic would be ____________________

Back 23

oxymorphone HCl

Front 24

some additives to suppositories are ___________, such as cetylalcohol, propylene glycol.

Back 24

plasticizers

Front 25

adding an antioxidant to a suppository will __________ the shelf life.

Back 25

increase

Hint 25

increase/decrease

Front 26

Theobroma oil is also known as ______________

Back 26

cocoa butter

Front 27

in theobroma oil, all of the acids are bonded to ______________, forming an important number of ______________, that result in cocoa butter.

Back 27

ghycerin, triglycerides

Front 28

20% of the triglycerides in cocoa butter are of the ____ type, 55% are ____ type and 5% are _____.

Back 28

SOS,POS,PSP

Front 29

in the types of triglycerides in cocoa butter:
S=______
P=______
O=_______

Back 29

S=stearic acid, P=palmitic acid, O=oleic acid

Front 30

T/F: Theobroma oil is a mixture of liquid triglycerides entrapped in a network of crystalline, solid triglycerides

Back 30

true

Front 31

at temperatures of ___________, cocoa butter is a hard amorphous solid, but at body temperature, it will melt into a ______, non-______ oil.

Back 31

15 to 25C, bland, non-irritating

Front 32

a melting point of 34-36 C would indicate the ______ crystal form of cocoa butter

Back 32

beta

Front 33

a melting point of 27C would indicate the ______ crystal form of cocoa butter

Back 33

beta'

Front 34

a melting point of 22C would indicate the ________ crystal of cocoa butter

Back 34

alpha

Front 35

a melting point of 18C would indicate the ___________ crystal of cocoa butter

Back 35

gamma

Front 36

synthetic triglyceride(oil soluble) bases consist of _______________ vegetable oils, do not exhibit ________________ and are _______ expensive

Back 36

hydrogenated, polymorphism, more

Front 37

synthetic triglycerides are not __________ in color like cocoa butter

Back 37

yellow

Hint 37

color

Front 38

fattybases are stable with a ___________ irritation profile, they need ___ special storage conditions.

Back 38

low, no

Front 39

fattybases exhibit ___________ mold release characteristics and are solid with a melting point of ___ to ___ C

Back 39

excellent, 35-37

Front 40

some examples of water soluble bases are ______________ gelatin and _______ polymers

Back 40

glycerinated, PEG

Front 41

glycerinated gelatin suppositories are composed of ________% glycering, 20% gelatin and 10% water

Back 41

70%

Front 42

glycerinated gelatin suppositories should be packaged in tight containers, as they are ______________

Back 42

hygroscopic

Hint 42

take up water.

Front 43

glycerinated gelatin suppositories are not recommended as a rectal suppository base as they may exert an ______ effect and a ___________ reflex.

Back 43

osmotic, defecation

Front 44

glycerinated gelatin suppositories are often used for _________ suppositories

Back 44

vaginal

Hint 44

where.

Front 45

Water soluble bases are __________ in appearance

Back 45

translucent

Front 46

Which of the following statements is false? When preparing suppositories, the density factor:
a)is used to determine how much of a base will be displaced by a drug
b) can experimentally be determined by the double casting technique
c0 need not to be considered when cocoa butter is used as a base
d) is the ratio between the weight of the drug and the weight of base displaced

Back 46

c is false

Front 47

T/F: PEG polymers are chemically stable, immiscible with water and mucouse secretions

Back 47

false- they are miscible with water and mucous secretions

Front 48

PEG polymers can be formulated either by _________ or __________

Back 48

molding or compression

Front 49

T/F: PEG polymers are incompatible with silver salts, tannic acid, aminopyrine, quinine, aspirin, benzocaine, and sulfonamides

Back 49

true

Front 50

T/F: PEG polymers can be stored or dispensed in a polystyrene prescription vial.

Back 50

false. the PEG will adversely interact with polystyrene. Use glass containers

Front 51

T/F: one of the major disadvantages of PEG polymers is their incompatability with a large number of drugs.

Back 51

true

Front 52

T/F: sodium barbital, salicylic acid, camphor can be used with PEG polymers

Back 52

false: they will crystallize out of PEG suppositories

Front 53

If you use an oil-soluble drug in a water soluble base, you will have a ________ release

Back 53

moderate

Front 54

If you use an oil soluble drug in an oily base, you will have a __________ release

Back 54

slow

Front 55

If you use a water-soluble drug in a water-soluble base, you will have a _____________ release, based on __________

Back 55

moderate, diffusion

Front 56

if you use a water-soluble drug in an oily base, you will have a __________ release

Back 56

rapid

Front 57

T/F: compression-molded (fused) suppositories are the most common industrial form

Back 57

true

Front 58

_________ or __________ molding are the most common techniques used in pharmacies to make suppositories

Back 58

fusion, melt

Front 59

T/F: liquid topical preparations include: liniments, lotions,paints,ear drops

Back 59

true

Front 60

An example of a liniment would be Sloans embrocation. The main ingredient being _____________

Back 60

methyl salicylate

Front 61

An example of a lotion would be Histamed. The main ingredient being _____________

Back 61

mepyramine maleate

Front 62

The main ingredient in Waxol NF is ______________

Back 62

docusate Na.

Front 63

an example of an aeorsol would be __________________

Back 63

solarcaine (benzocaine)

Front 64

an example of a gel would be _____________

Back 64

indocid (indomethacin) or voltaren emulgel (diclophenac Na)

Front 65

an example of a powder would be ___________________

Back 65

cicatren (neomycin sulfate)

Front 66

In the model of oral dosage form performance:
dosage form->drug in solution->gut wall->_____________->site of activity->_______________

Back 66

blood, therapeutic effect

Front 67

in the model of oral dosage form performance, where would the pharmacokinetic measurement take place

Back 67

blood

Front 68

in the model of oral dosage form performance, where would the clinical/PD measurement take place

Back 68

therapeutic effect

Front 69

in the model of topical dosage form performance:
dosage form->______________->site of activity->____________->_____________

Back 69

drug in skin,therapeutic effect, blood

Front 70

T/F: semi-solid topical products are complex dosage forms

Back 70

true

Front 71

T/F: the skin is a homogeneous "slab" of tissue.

Back 71

false- it is not a homogeneous slab of tissue

Front 72

The skin is the heaviest organ in the body, it makes up ___% of body weight.

Back 72

16

Front 73

The skin has five functions: they are protection,homeostasis(water/temp), sensory,_______________(vitamin D production), _____________ (via sweat glands)

Back 73

secretory, excretory

Front 74

The epidermis of the skin is made up of ___ layers

Back 74

5

Front 75

the epidermis is compsed of layers of ________________

Back 75

keratinocytes

Front 76

The epidermis provides __________ protection, prevents __________ loss and keeps _________________ from invading the body

Back 76

mechanical,fluid,microorganisms

Front 77

There are ______ vessels in the epidermis

Back 77

no

Front 78

Which layer of the epidermis has keratinocytes call corneocytes.

Back 78

s. corneum

Front 79

the s.corneum is _______ layers in thick skin and ______- layers in thin skin.

Back 79

15-20,3-4

Front 80

the s.corneum has flattened non-nucleated cells filled with ___________ filaments

Back 80

keratin

Front 81

which layer of epidermis has surface cells that are constantly sloughed off?

Back 81

s.corneum

Front 82

Which layer of epidermis is more common in thick skin and is not present in all species.

Back 82

s.lucidum

Front 83

Which layer of epidermis is 3-5 layers of polygonal cells with central nuclei and many basophilic granules

Back 83

s. granulosum

Front 84

Which layer of epidermis is cuboidal, polygonal or squamous cells and greatly thickened in palmar and plantar skin. It also has some mitotic cells in the basal part

Back 84

s. spinosum

Front 85

which layer of epidermis has merkel cells and melanocytes

Back 85

s. basale/germinativum

Front 86

which layer of epidermis has Langerhans cells? Langerhans cells are for ______________

Back 86

s.spinosum. immunity

Front 87

which layer of epidermis has merkel cells? Merkel cells are for _______________

Back 87

s.germinativum. sensitivity

Front 88

skin color is due to __________ amount and ____________ content

Back 88

melanin, carotene

Front 89

melanin is produced by _______________ in the s._________________

Back 89

melanocytes, s. basale

Front 90

epidermal cells syntesize what vitamin when exposed to UV light

Back 90

vitamin D3(cholecalciferol)

Front 91

The dermis is the connective tissue ________ for the epidermis

Back 91

support

Front 92

T/F: the dermis contains nerves, skin appendages, and lymphatic blood vessels.

Back 92

true

Front 93

T/F: the dermis contains loose connective tissue that attaches the skin to subjacent organs and tissuies.

Back 93

false-it's the hypodermis

Front 94

the hypodermis is made up of ______________ connective tissue

Back 94

adipose

Front 95

camouflage,protective layer,insect repellants, antimicrobials would effect which interfacial boundary

Back 95

surface

Front 96

antiperspirants, exfolients, antibiotics,depilatories would effect which interfacial boundary

Back 96

appendages

Front 97

anti-inlammitories and anaesthetics would effect which interfacial boundary

Back 97

viable epidermis

Front 98

antipruretics and antihistamines would effect which interfacial boundary

Back 98

dermis corneum

Front 99

transdermal systems and NTG would effect which interfacial boundary

Back 99

circulation

Front 100

what type of topical preparation would shield exposed skin surface from harmful stimuli.

Back 100

protectives

Front 101

what type of topical preparation would absorb moisture from the skin and local wounds, to discourage bacterial growth.

Back 101

absorbents

Front 102

what type of topical preparation would alleviate irritation of mucous membranes

Back 102

demulcents

Front 103

what type of topical preparation would be a fat or oily substance used to increase moisture content of the skin membranes

Back 103

emollients

Front 104

what type of topical preparation would coagulate blood, and help wounds and cuts heal quickly

Back 104

astringents

Front 105

Which type of topical preparation would increase skin temp. by incresing circulation at the surface

Back 105

rubefacients

Front 106

what type of topical preparation would destroy skin at the applied site

Back 106

caustics

Front 107

what type of topical preparation would cause peeling of skin, and is useful in the treatment of eczema and acne

Back 107

keratolytics

Front 108

drug permeation across the skin is ___________

Back 108

very slow

Front 109

the most common routes for agents that must permeate the skin are ___________ and ________________.

Back 109

transepidermal and transappendageal

Front 110

topical dosage forms generally contain the following ingredients: ______________, _____________ and _________________

Back 110

base or body of the dosage form, medicinal agent(not always), preservative

Front 111

ointments and creams are ______________ dosage forms

Back 111

semi-solid

Front 112

ointments and creams are intended for ___________ application. they will have ______________ effects

Back 112

topical, localized

Front 113

ointments and creams are designed to deliver a drug to the ______________ in treating ____________ disorders

Back 113

skin, dermal

Front 114

ointments are semi-solid preparations intended for ____________ uses

Back 114

external

Front 115

hydrocarbon bases are also known as _______________ bases

Back 115

oleaginous

Front 116

hydrocarbon bases are: _______________ in water
________water washable
___________ abosorb water
_______________, ________________ and ___________

Back 116

insoluble,not,will not,emollient, occlusive, greasy

Front 117

some examples of hydrocarbon bases are: __________,___________,___________,_______________

Back 117

petrolatum,white petrolatum,yellow (simple) ointment and yellow wax

Front 118

T/F: upon application to the skin, a hydrocarbon base will form an adherent, continuous, greasy, water-repellant film.

Back 118

true

Front 119

the good occlusiveness of hydrocarbon bases can have an ____________ effect(hydrates skin) and can ___________ drug permeation

Back 119

emollient, enhance

Front 120

an example of a single phase absorption base is

Back 120

lanolin

Front 121

an example of a two phase absorption base is

Back 121

cold cream

Front 122

which of the following describes absorption bases:
a)insoluble in water,not water washable,anhydrous,can absorb water, emollient, occlusive, greasy.
b)soluble in water,water washable,hydrous,can't absorb water, non-occlusive, non-greasy

Back 122

a

Front 123

lanolin can absorb up to _%of water

Back 123

30%

Front 124

emulsion bases are:
__________ in water,water ___________,________ absorb water, ___________ water,________, _____occlusive,___ greasy

Back 124

insoluble,washable,will,contains,emollient,non,non

Front 125

water soluble bases are: _______soluble,water_______,______ absorb water,_____occlusive,___greasy

Back 125

water,washable,will,non,non